Food Profiles of Indigenous Households in Brazil: Results of the First National Survey of Indigenous Peoples’ Health and Nutrition

Figures & data

Table 1. Distribution of household food acquisition practices by geopolitical region. First National Survey of Indigenous Peoples’ Health and Nutrition, Brazil, 2008–2009

			Region
	All regions		North		Central-West		Northeast		South/Southeast
Residents consume	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Household garden products or livestock
Yes	4389	83.2	1637	89.4	946	87.3	1049	71.7	757	84.6
No	884	16.8	195	10.6	137	12.7	414	28.3	138	15.4
Community garden products or livestock
Yes	484	9.2	222	12.1	59	5.4	62	4.2	141	15.8
No	4788	90.8	1610	87.9	1024	94.6	1401	95.8	753	84.2
Food derived from household hunting or fishing
Yes	2434	87.7	1392	98.2	301	87.0	502	70.5	239	79.9
No	340	12.3	25	1.8	45	13.0	210	29.5	60	20.1
Food derived from household collecting
Yes	3638	69.0	1565	85.4	674	62.2	878	60.0	521	58.2
No	1635	31.0	267	14.6	409	37.8	585	40.0	374	41.8
Food derived from community hunting, fishing, or collecting
Yes	686	13.0	340	18.6	77	7.1	103	7.0	166	18.5
No	4586	87.0	1492	81.4	1006	92.9	1359	93.0	729	81.5
Purchased foods
Yes	5081	96.4	1682	91.8	1060	97.9	1452	99.2	887	99.1
No	192	3.6	150	8.2	23	2.1	11	0.8	8	0.9
Staple foods donations (cesta básica)
Yes	2168	41.1	64	3.5	960	88.6	448	30.6	696	77.8
No	3105	58.9	1768	96.5	123	11.4	1015	69.4	199	22.2
Other donations from outside the village
Yes	335	6.4	48	2.6	15	1.4	167	11.4	105	11.7
No	4937	93.6	1784	97.4	1068	98.6	1296	88.6	789	88.3

Table 2. Distribution of household food acquisition practices for 13 food items by geopolitical region. First National Survey of Indigenous Peoples’ Health and Nutrition, Brazil, 2008–2009

			Region
	All regions		North		Central-West		Northeast		South/Southeast
Residents customarily consume	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Rice
No	206	3.9	190	10.4	14	1.3	2	0.1	0	0.0
Yes, Indigenous production	356	6.8	112	6.1	86	7.9	119	8.1	39	4.4
Yes, purchase	4242	80.5	1524	83.3	564	52.1	1327	90.7	827	92.5
Yes, receive from outside village/community	465	8.8	3	0.2	419	38.7	15	1.0	28	3.1
Maize or products
No	701	13.3	412	22.5	124	11.4	119	8.1	46	5.2
Yes, Indigenous production	2572	48.8	1041	56.9	495	45.7	502	34.3	534	59.9
Yes, purchase	1697	32.2	374	20.4	210	19.4	821	56.1	292	32.7
Yes, receive from outside village/community	298	5.7	3	0.2	254	23.5	21	1.4	20	2.2
Manioc or products
No	127	2.4	10	0.5	20	1.8	55	3.8	42	4.7
Yes, Indigenous production	3980	75.5	1741	95.2	909	83.9	680	46.5	650	72.7
Yes, purchase	1063	20.2	71	3.9	144	13.3	675	46.1	173	19.4
Yes, receive from outside village/community	99	1.9	7	0.4	10	0.9	53	3.6	29	3.2
Potatoes and tubers
No	748	14.2	222	12.1	214	19.8	214	14.6	98	11.0
Yes, Indigenous production	3033	57.6	1361	74.4	665	61.4	501	34.2	506	56.6
Yes, purchase	1445	27.4	242	13.2	199	18.4	725	49.6	279	31.2
Yes, receive from outside village/community	44	0.8	5	0.3	5	0.5	23	1.6	11	1.2
Beans
No	276	5.2	249	13.6	20	1.8	3	0.2	4	0.4
Yes, Indigenous production	1679	31.9	470	25.7	181	16.7	642	43.9	386	43.3
Yes, purchase	2752	52.3	1106	60.5	358	33.1	801	54.8	487	54.7
Yes, receive from outside village/community	559	10.6	4	0.2	524	48.4	17	1.2	14	1.6
Fruits
No	173	3.3	46	2.5	56	5.2	42	2.9	29	3.2
Yes, Indigenous production	3080	58.5	1638	89.6	536	49.5	482	32.9	424	47.5
Yes, purchase	1994	37.9	144	7.9	484	44.7	931	63.6	435	48.7
Yes, receive from outside village/community	21	0.4	1	0.1	7	0.6	8	0.5	5	0.6
Nuts
No	1304	24.7	247	13.5	545	50.3	234	16.0	278	31.1
Yes, Indigenous production	2988	56.7	1419	77.5	300	27.7	918	62.7	351	39.3
Yes, purchase	931	17.7	156	8.5	232	21.4	286	19.5	257	28.7
Yes, receive from outside village/community	47	0.9	8	0.4	6	0.6	25	1.7	8	0.9
Vegetables and greens
No	1048	19.9	682	37.3	198	18.3	81	5.5	87	9.7
Yes, Indigenous production	961	18.2	466	25.5	124	11.4	104	7.1	267	29.9
Yes, purchase	3241	61.5	680	37.2	754	69.6	1268	86.7	539	60.3
Yes, receive from outside village/community	18	0.3	0	0.0	7	0.6	10	0.7	1	0.1
Milk and products (cheese, etc.)
No	655	12.4	356	19.5	49	4.5	129	8.8	121	13.5
Yes, Indigenous production	429	8.1	109	6.0	50	4.6	158	10.8	112	12.5
Yes, purchase	3152	59.8	1356	74.1	325	30.0	999	68.3	472	52.9
Yes, receive from outside village/community	1032	19.6	8	0.4	659	60.8	177	12.1	188	21.1
Eggs
No	478	9.1	241	13.2	128	11.8	59	4.0	50	5.6
Yes, Indigenous production	2035	38.6	689	37.7	553	51.1	312	21.3	481	53.8
Yes, purchase	2732	51.9	898	49.1	399	36.9	1080	73.8	355	39.7
Yes, receive from outside village/community	23	0.4	1	0.1	2	0.2	12	0.8	8	0.9
Chicken, turkey, or duck
No	256	4.9	186	10.2	35	3.2	27	1.8	8	0.9
Yes, Indigenous production	2051	39.0	749	41.0	578	53.5	280	19.2	444	49.8
Yes, purchase	2929	55.7	887	48.5	465	43.1	1141	78.0	436	48.9
Yes, receive from outside village/community	25	0.5	5	0.3	2	0.2	14	1.0	4	0.4
Beef, goat, pork, etc.
No	788	15.0	632	34.5	50	4.6	59	4.0	47	5.3
Yes, Indigenous production	310	5.9	176	9.6	32	3.0	30	2.1	72	8.1
Yes, purchase	4150	78.8	1016	55.5	994	91.8	1370	93.6	770	86.2
Yes, receive from outside village/community	21	0.4	6	0.3	7	0.6	4	0.3	4	0.4
Fish
No	413	7.8	9	0.5	195	18.0	71	4.9	138	15.4
Yes, Indigenous production	3014	57.2	1664	91.1	453	41.9	506	34.6	391	43.7
Yes, purchase	1807	34.3	152	8.3	432	39.9	862	58.9	361	40.4
Yes, receive from outside village/community	32	0.6	2	0.1	2	0.2	24	1.6	4	0.4
Game meat
No	2288	43.5	152	8.3	716	66.1	873	59.7	547	61.4
Yes, Indigenous production	2462	46.8	1303	71.3	343	31.7	515	35.2	301	33.8
Yes, purchase	436	8.3	354	19.4	21	1.9	42	2.9	19	2.1
Yes, receive from outside village/community	78	1.5	19	1.0	3	0.3	32	2.2	24	2.7

Figure 1. Scatterplot of combined distribution of first two dimensions of multiple correspondence analysis, according to characteristics of Indigenous household food economies. First National Survey of Indigenous Peoples’ Health and Nutrition, Brazil, 2008–2009. d donation from outside village/community; i Indigenous production; n Not consumed; p Purchase; REG Region; CW Central-West region; N North region; Ne Northeast region; S/Se South/Southeast region; b Beans; be Beef, goat, pork, etc.; c Chicken, turkey, or duck; e Eggs; fi Fish; f Fruits; g Game meat; m Maize or products; ma Manioc or products; mi Milk and products (cheese, etc.); n Nuts; p Potatoes and tubers; r Rice; v Vegetables and greens

Figure 2. Dendogram of first two dimensions from multiple correspondence analysis, according to characteristics of Indigenous household food economies. First National Survey of Indigenous Peoples’ Health and Nutrition, Brazil, 2008–2009. d donation from outside village/community; i Indigenous production; n Not consumed; p Purchase; REG Region; CW Central-West region; N North region; Ne Northeast region; S/Se South/Southeast region; b Beans; be Beef, goat, pork, etc.; c Chicken, turkey, or duck; e Eggs; fi Fish; f Fruits; g Game meat; m Maize or products; ma Manioc or products; mi Milk and products (cheese, etc.); n Nuts; p Potatoes and tubers; r Rice; v Vegetables and greens