‘Learning by importing’ in global value chains: upgrading and South–South strategies in the Ugandan pharmaceutical industry

Figures & data

Table 1: Pharmaceutical producers in Uganda

Company		Established	Produced since	Turnover >$1 million	Manufacturing facilities (plant)	Assembly at pharmacy	Joint venture (foreign )	Marketing team	International linkages (upstream)	National linkages (downstream)	Government linkages
Large-scale companies	UP1	1988	1999	X	X			Yes	Strong	Strong	Weak
	UP2	1996	1996	X	X		X	Yes	Strong	Strong	Weak
	UP3	1990	1997	X	X		X	Yes	Strong	Strong	Weak
	UP4	1975	1978	X	X		X	Yes	Strong	Weak	Strong
Small-scale companies	UP5	1972	1980			X		Yes	Strong	Weak	Strong
	UP6	1982	2002		X	X		Yes	Weak	Strong	Strong
	UP7	1973	1980		X	X		No	Weak	Weak	Strong
	UP8	1983	1985			X		No	Weak	Weak	Strong
	UP9	1991	1998			X		No	Weak	Weak	Weak
Source: Author's fieldwork.

Table 2: Importing companies interviewed during fieldwork

Company	Established	Origin of imports
UI1	n.d.	Transnational companies (TNCs)
UI2	1982	TNCs and large Indian companies
UI3	1995	Middle East, Egypt, Jordan
UI4	1997	India, China, Malaysia, Kenya
UI5	1995	Pakistan, China, Egypt
UI6	1983	India, China
UI7	1991	India
UI8	1981	Kenya
UI9	1979	India, China
UI10	n.d.	India
UI11	n.d.	India
Source: Author's fieldwork.

Figure 1: Growth in production of medicines and total industrial production in Uganda 1991–1999, annual summary (Index 1987=100)

Figure 2: Uganda's pharmaceutical industry before and after liberalisation

UGANDA BUREAU OF STATISTICS . 2003 . Index of Industrial Production Annual Summary: Report on the Uganda Business Register 2001/2002 , www.ubos.org/industry Accessed 12 August 2003

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