The impact of trade facilitation factors on South Africa's exports to a selection of African countries

Figures & data

Table 1: Estimation results

Variable	Fixed effects model
Constant	11.895 (4.831)***
Importer's GDP	0.861 (8.179)***
Port efficiency	2.118 (10.424)***
Customs environment	–0.765 (–4.121)***
Regulatory environment	–0.492 (–2.346)***
Infrastructure	0.415 (1.530)*
Exchange rate	0.189 (1.252)
Adjusted R-squared	0.988
F-test	1 007.299 (0.000)***

Notes: Significant at ***1%, **5% or *10% level. The t-statistics of all variables are presented in parentheses.

Table 2: Second-stage regression: fixed effects regressed on dummies

Independent variable	Coefficient (t-statistic)
Constant	3.970 (5.771)***
Distance	–0.761 (–9.288)***
Adjacency	0.841 (4.774)***
English language	0.818 (9.113)***
SADC dummy	0.795 (18.334)***
Adjusted R-squared	0.989

Notes: Significant at ***1%, **5% or *10% level. The t-statistics of all variables are presented in parentheses.

Table A1: Country fixed effects

Country	Fixed Effects
Angola	–0.754443
Botswana	2.273070
Burundi	–2.581298 (non-SADC)
Kenya	–0.559121 (non-SADC)
Madagascar	–0.938713
Malawi	–0.089373
Mauritius	0.279975
Mozambique	0.942819
Namibia	1.728855
Rwanda	–2.314523 (non-SADC)
Swaziland	1.235588
Tanzania	–0.344424
Uganda	–1.280330 (non-SADC)
Zambia	1.553702
Zimbabwe	0.848215

Source: Estimation results. Bold text indicates unobservable country characteristics that discourage South Africa's exports to these countries.