Enhancing productive capabilities through intra-regional trade and cross-border investments in Southern Africa

Figures & data

Table 1. Value of equipment imports from South Africa into Botswana 1995–2013 (in thousands of US$)^a.

Year	1995	1997	1998	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013
Type of machinery/equipt
Engines	316	389	380	296	179	128	220	242	947	221	115	162	333	233	422
Rotating motors	6421	7685	7787	6891	5726	7091	7823	9357	11305	19788	16247	16119	20161	20691	15137
Other power generating equipt	1314	1563	1592	1430	1367	1953	6302	7413	7787	12634	9218	10313	14204	12239	14333
Civil engineering and plant equipt	21363	24240	26268	28054	32436	66136	56462	50382	93424	111023	61059	63742	124591	189202	97059
Textile and Leather machinery	2505	2963	3075	2924	2137	3914	2848	3241	2070	2085	2316	1602	2505	2731	1996
Paper mills & pulp machineries	420	457	501	550	1194	535	685	201	662	429	996	516	281	525	360
Printing and book-binding machinery	2400	2798	2889	2709	3579	5426	5774	3688	7033	14084	16922	7385	10913	8920	4007
Food processing machinery (excl domestic)	2353	2703	2904	3035	2934	2774	8919	2271	3367	4243	3721	6307	5245	2948	3959
Other machinery, n.e.s.	12946	14684	16005	17337	18291	18403	18623	25532	36465	55542	32617	42182	75864	41728	41598
Machine tools removing materials	1540	1616	2046	2963	1704	1019	5804	1151	2403	4707	4320	3513	3375	4678	3098
Machine tools for working metals	300	336	384	460	253	275	814	389	1808	3074	1266	1265	2038	1255	776
Parts and accessories of machines n.e.s.	215	266	253	177	210	255	1456	189	725	448	318	1275	2162	1032	668
Metal working machinery, excl machine tools	1709	1966	2146	2333	1467	2620	2718	2779	3496	2902	2361	2837	7012	2540	1887
Mechanical handling equipt	8997	10233	10926	11239	15618	19359	22403	13415	18772	30826	14981	24211	37772	26138	18148
Other non-electr. machinery	11933	15999	13423	4019	3255	5281	5955	6158	7976	8913	7419	9088	11051	11749	8941
Non-electric parts of machinery	1577	1866	1954	1908	1045	1957	1953	1710	2070	2360	2446	2347	3008	2042	1975
Parts of machinery of groups 751–753	10787	12824	13042	11673	11598	14997	14243	11710	20908	17429	15615	11637	14747	17886	13248
Total	87098	102588	105574	97998	102992	152124	163002	139828	221217	290708	191938	204502	335261	346538	227611

^aBefore 2000, the trade of the member countries of Southern African Customs Union (SACU) was not reported separately, but for SACU as a whole. Therefore, for the period 1995 to1999, intra-trade figures of these countries are UNCTAD estimates.

Source: UNCTAD Statistics.

Table 2. Effects of skills and embodied technology imports from South Africa on manufacturing productivity in Botswana firms.

Dependent variable:
Variables	Manufacturing productivity growth
	Foreign-owned firms		Domestic firms
	Coeff	Std error	Coeff	Std err
Investment	0.1916*	(0.0951)	0.1376*	(0.0713)
Capital import	0.0869	(0.0534)	0.0705	(0.0467)
Skilled labour input	2.6342***	(0.0822)	2.3249**	(0.1167)
Unskilled labour	0.2153	(0.1419)	0.1742	(0.1187)
Investment (t−1)	0.9618***	(0.2729)	0.9312**	(0.4423)
Cap. import (t−1)	0.213***	(0.0742)	0.177***	(0.0671)
Skilled labour (t−1)	0.1152	(0.0745)	0.1639	(0.1368)
Unskilled lab (t−1)	0.2065	(0.2164)	0.3676	(0.1981)
Intercept	1.6138	(2.4916)	1.4697	(0.6908)
Regression fit	Eq.7		Eq9
Prob F-Test	0.000		0.000
Adj. R-squared	0.7436		0.6416
DW-stat	0.1843		0.2028
J-Stat	0.0021		0.0021
Number of obs.	1806		5334
n.J	3.7926		11.2014

*10% significance level.

**5% significance level.

***1% significance level.

Note: Instruments eq. 7: regressors + 11 (lagged dependent variable: 1 lag; lagged independent variables: 2 lags). Instruments eq. 9: regressors + 7 (lagged dependent variable: 1 lag; lagged independent variables 2 lags). GMM HAC standard errors in brackets.

Table 3. Sources of change in skills intensity of selected manufacturing industries in Botswana 1995–2013.

Industry	Average annual growth incumbent firms	Upgrading skills existing firms	Entry new firms	Total change
Beverages	−.026	0.546	0.214	0.734
Textile	0.017	0.039	0.019	0.075
Chemical products	0.061	0.466	0.041	0.568
Paper products	0.003	0.037	0.043	0.083
Furniture	0.005	0.041	0.021	0.067
Glass products	−0.003	0.033	0.018	0.048
Dairy	−0.002	0.017	0.014	0.029
Metal products	0.005	0.052	0.019	0.076
Average	0.005	0.015	0.045	0.061