Marginal communities and livelihoods: San communities’ failed transition to a modern economy in Tsholotsho, Zimbabwe

Figures & data

Table 1. Estimated San population in Southern Africa by country.

Country	Population estimate
Angola	1200
Botswana	47 675
Namibia	32 000
South Africa	4350
Zambia	300
Zimbabwe	2500

Source: Suzman (2001).

Table 2. Comparative livestock ownership amongst the San and other ethnic groups.

Ethnic Group	Livestock Owned
	Goats	Sheep	Cattle	Donkeys	Pigs	Chickens	Total
Tshwa (San)	189 (N = 50)	0 (N = 29)	67 (N = 42)	22 (N = 38)	0 (N = 29)	287 (N = 50)	565
Ndebele	370 (N = 72)	0 (N = 37)	249 (N = 66)	120 (N = 53)	2 (N = 38)	621 (N = 68)	1362
Kalanga	168 (N = 35)	18 (N = 28)	96 (N = 34)	52 (N = 30)	0 (N = 24)	322 (N = 39)	656
Total	727	18	412	194	2	1230	2583
p = 0.00000 H0: There is no association between tribe and livestock numbers H1: There is association between tribe and livestock numbers Conclusion: The p value is less than 0.05. Therefore we reject H0 and conclude that there is association between ethnic group and livestock numbers.

Source: Survey Data (2016).

Table 3. Small-grain harvest by household ethnic group.

Ethnic Group	Millet (kgs harvested)	Sorghum (kgs harvested)	Total
Tshwa (San)	4011 (N = 49)	2400 (N = 31)	6411
Ndebele	9928 (N = 75)	2520 (N = 26)	12 448
Kalanga	8300 (N = 38)	803 (N = 14)	9103
Total	22 239	5723	27 962
p = 0.00000 H0: There is no association between ethnic group and total yield of small grains H1: There is association between ethnic group and total yield of small grain Conclusion: The p value is less than 0.05. Therefore we reject H0 and conclude that there is association between ethnic group and total yield of small grains.

Source: Survey Data (2016).