Contested Issues Surrounding Populism in Public and Academic Debates

Figures & data

Figure 1. Scholarly publications with populism or populist in title (2000-18). Numbers are cumulative.

Source: Google Scholar  (authors' own calculations)

Figure 2. Average vote (%) for the populist radical right, populist radical left, and Green parties in Western Europe in national elections between 1990 and 2016.

Source: Wolinetz and Zaslove 2018b, 5 (reprinted with permission).

Table 1.   Populists in government in Europe

Country	Type of populist party
	Radical right	Liberal	Left wing	Maverick*
Austria	FPÖ, Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs, Freedom Party (2000-03; 2003-07; 2017-present)
	BZÖ, Bündnis Zukunft Österreich, Alliance for the Future of Austria (2005-07)
Denmark	DF, Danske Folkeparti (2000-11)**
Greece			SYRIZA (2015-present)
Finland	True Finns, Perussuomalaiset, PS (2015-17)
Hungary	Fidesz (1998-2002; 2010-present)
Italy	Lega Nord (2001-06; 2008-11; 2018-present)	FI/PdL, Popolo della Libertà, People of Freedom (1994; 2001-06; 2008-11)		Lega Nord (1994) M5S (2018-present)
Netherlands	PVV, Partij voor de Vrijheid, Freedom Party (2010-12)**	LPF (2002)
Norway	Progress Party Fremskrittspartiet, FrP (2013-present)
Slovakia			SMER, Sociálna Demokracia, Social Democracy (2006-10)
Switzerland	SVP, Schweizerische Volkspartei, Swiss People’s Party (1929-2007; 2008-present)

*Maverick parties combine elements of the other types. In 1994, the Lega Nord, as of 2018 simply Lega (League), was more regionalist than radical right; M5S presents such a diverse combination of ideological elements that it is hard to classify.

** Danish governments and Dutch Rutte I are minority coalitions supported by populist parties in formal agreements.

Wolinetz, S., and Zaslove, A. 2018b. The Impact of Populist Parties on Party Systems. In S. Wolinetz and A. Zaslove, eds. Absorbing the Blow: The Impact of Populist Parties on European Party Systems: 3–23. Rowman and Littlefield: ECPR Press.

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