Elastohydrodynamic Film Thickness and Tractions for Oil-in-Water Emulsions

Figures & data

TABLE 1 Properties of Oil

Specific weight (g/cm^3)	0.78
Kinematic viscosity at 40°C (cSt)	2.6
Oil/water interfacial tension (dyne/cm)	20

FIG. 1 Stability of emulsions.

FIG. 2 Particle size distribution for three different methods of emulsion preparation, using an initial oil concentration of 1%.

FIG. 3 Film thickness measurements for oil-in-water emulsions. These results are for the Osterizer blender emulsions. Emulsions prepared with the other two methods give similar results.

FIG. 4 First critical speed as a function of initial oil volume concentration.

FIG. 5 Illustration of the three rolling speeds selected for traction measurements.

FIG. 6 Application of Chiu's model to elastohydrodynamic lubrication with emulsions.

FIG. 7 Traction behavior of emulsions as a function of slide-to-roll ratio for different oil concentrations below the first critical velocity (u = 0.75 m/s).

FIG. 8 Traction behavior of emulsions as a function of slide-to-roll ratio for different oil concentrations between the two critical velocities (u = 2.75 m/s).

FIG. 9 Traction behavior of emulsions as a function of slide-to-roll ratio for different oil concentrations at a velocity higher than the second critical velocity (u = 3.5 m/s).

FIG. 10 Traction coefficient for emulsions based on three preparation techniques, for which the particle size distributions are given in Fig. 2. (a) Initial oil concentration of 1%, (b) initial oil concentration of 0.5%. A similar trend was found for emulsions of initial oil concentration of 3%.