Evaluation of a detached leaf assay to measure fusarium head blight resistance components in barley

Figures & data

Fig. 1. Symptoms on barley seedling leaf segments on water agar inoculated with Fusarium graminearum and incubated for seven days at room temperature. Top left – I92130, moderately resistant; top right – ‘Stander’, susceptible; bottom left – H94051001, moderately resistant; and bottom right – ‘AC Lacombe’, susceptible.

Fig. 2. Symptoms on barley ‘AC Lacombe’ seedling leaves inoculated with Fusarium culmorum (left) or F. graminearum (right) at room temperature. Photo was taken after seven days of incubation.

Table 1.  Partial disease resistance components measured in detached leaves of barley inoculated with Fusarium graminearum under two temperature regimes (Test 1)

Genotype	IP LT (day)	IP RT (day)	LP LT (day)	LP RT (day)	LS LT (mm^2)	LS RT (mm^2)	MC LT (mL^−1)	MC RT (mL^−1)	Field rating†
‘AC Lacombe’	4.0	1.8	9.7	5.7	46.7	168	1.5 × 10^6	2.2 × 10^5	4.5
‘Stander’	4.3	1.7	11.0	7.0	27.5	141	6.6 × 10^5	3.0 × 10^5	2.9
‘Chevron’	4.3	2.0	16.7	8.8	20.3	79.7	7.7 × 10^5	1.3 × 10^5	1.0
H94051001	4.3	2.5	15.0	8.0	26.9	84.9	8.3 × 10^5	8.3 × 10^4	2.5
I92130	6.0	2.5	15.3	8.0	11.1	54.9	6.9 × 10^5	1.1 × 10^5	2.5
‘Penco/Chevron’	5.0	1.7	18.0	9.0	16.8	73.4	4.1 × 10^5	1.6 × 10^5	2.5
Mean	4.6	2.0	14.3	7.8	24.9	100.3	1.1 × 10^6	1.3 × 10^5
F	1.4	1.5	4.5*	1.2	1.1	5.3**	2.1	11.2**
LSD			4.9			60.4		76641
Notes: IP, incubation period in days; LP, latent period in days; LS, lesion size in mm^2; MC, macroconidial count; LT, low temperature (10 ± 1 °C); RT, room temperature (21 ± 2 °C).
† Fusarium head blight disease nursery 2003/2004, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Brandon Research Centre, Brandon, MB. Field rating fusarium head blight on a 0–5 scale: 0 = no symptoms; 5 = incidence high, 50% or more spikes affected (Legge et al., 2004).
*, ** significant at P = 0.05 and 0.01, respectively.

Table 2.  Partial disease resistance components measured in detached leaves of barley inoculated with Fusarium culmorum under two temperature regimes (Test 1)

Genotype	IP LT (day)	IP RT (day)	LP RT (day)	LS LT (mm^2)	LS RT (mm^2)	MC LT (mL^−1)	MC RT (mL^−1)
‘AC Lacombe’	11.5	3.0	9.3	6.6	68.9	6.1 × 10^5	5.4 × 10^5
‘Stander’	13.2	3.5	8.2	10.0	110	8.8 × 10^5	2.3 × 10^6
‘Chevron’	12.0	3.7	9.3	2.5	64.4	7.2 × 10^5	1.1 × 10^6
H94051001	12.0	3.8	9.3	8.4	92.2	6.1 × 10^5	1.2 × 10^6
I92130	10.3	4.0	10.0	6.5	46.6	5.5 × 10^5	9.7 × 10^5
‘Penco/Chevron’	8.8	3.3	12.0	5.9	48.7	5.0 × 10^5	1.3 × 10^6
Mean	11.3	3.6	9.7	6.7	71.8	6.5 × 10^5	1.1 × 10^6
F	0.5	0.4	2.1	0.5	0.7	0.8	2.1
Note: IP, incubation period in days; LP, latent period in days; LS, lesion size in mm^2; MC, macroconidial count 21 days after inoculation; LT, low temperature (10 ± 1 °C); RT, room temperature (21 ± 2 °C).
No LP values were measured at LT.
F values were not significant at P = 0.05.

Table 3.  Correlation coefficients for partial disease resistance components measured in detached leaves of barley inoculated with Fusarium graminearum and evaluated under two temperature regimes (Test 1)

	Column	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
Row		IP (LT)	IP (RT)	LP (LT)	LP (RT)	LS (LT)	LS (RT)	MC (LT)	MC (RT)	Field rating†
A	IP (LT)	–	0.43	0.49	0.21	−0.79	−0.72	−0.51	−0.40	−0.22
B	IP (RT)	–	–	0.24	0.18	−0.32	−0.53	0.03	−0.78	−0.22
C	LP (LT)	–	–	–	0.97**	−0.81*	−0.91**	−0.74	−0.70	−0.76
D	LP (RT)	–	–	–	–	−0.84*	−0.88*	−0.82*	−0.59	−0.86*
E	LS (LT)	–	–	–	–	–	0.91**	0.87*	0.47	0.73
F	LS (RT)	–	–	–	–	–	–	0.71	0.77	0.74
G	MC (LT)	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	0.18	0.67
H	MC (RT)	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	0.47
Note: IP, incubation period in days; LP, latent period in days; LS, lesion size in mm^2; MC, macroconidial count; LT, low temperature (10 ± 1 °C); RT, room temperature (21 ± 2 °C).
† Fusarium head blight disease nursery 2003/2004, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Brandon Research Centre, Brandon, MB (B. Legge and J. Tucker, personal communication). Field rating fusarium head blight on a 0-5 scale: 0 = no symptoms; 5 = incidence high, 50% or more spikes affected (Legge et al., 2004).
*, ** significant at P = 0.05 and 0.01, respectively.

Table 4.  Correlation coefficients for partial disease resistance components measured in detached leaves of barley inoculated with Fusarium culmorum and evaluated under two temperature regimes (Test 1)

	Column	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
Row		IP (LT)	IP (RT)	LP (RT)	LS (LT)	LS (RT)	MC (LT)	MC (RT)	Field rating†
A	IP (LT)	–	0.06	−0.97**	0.35	0.85*	0.88*	−0.31	0.01
B	IP (RT)	–	–	−0.11	0.00	−0.02	−0.01	0.51	−0.63
C	LP (RT)	–	–	–	−0.38	−0.77	−0.83*	0.44	−0.10
D	LS (LT)	–	–	–	–	0.69	0.32	−0.09	0.53
E	LS (RT)	–	–	–	–	–	0.80*	−0.04	0.13
F	MC (LT)	–	–	–	–	–	–	−0.13	−0.13
G	MC (RT)	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	−0.73
Note: IP, incubation period in days; LP, latent period in days; LS, lesion size in mm^2; MC, macroconidial count; LT, low temperature (10 ± 1 °C); RT, room temperature (21 ± 2 °C).
† Fusarium head blight disease nursery 2003/2004, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Brandon Research Centre, Brandon, MB (B. Legge and J. Tucker, personal communication). Field rating fusarium head blight on a 0–5 scale: 0 = no symptoms; 5 = incidence high, 50% or more spikes affected (Legge et al., 2004).
*, ** significant at P = 0.05 and 0.01, respectively.

Table 5.  Partial disease resistance components measured in detached leaves of barley inoculated with Fusarium graminearum and evaluated at two temperatures (Test 2)

Genotype	IP LT(day)	IP RT(day)	LP RT (day)	LS RT(mm^2)	MC LT (mL^−1)	MC RT (mL^−1)	Field rating†
‘AC Lacombe’	19.8	3.2	9.4	54.6	1.3 × 10^6	3.0 × 10^5	4.5
‘Stander’	15.3	3.3	9.2	65.8	1.0 × 10^6	2.0 × 10^5	2.9
CI 4196	10.8	4.0	11.8	35.5	1.3 × 10^6	1.7 × 10^5	1.8
‘Chevron’	18.3	3.3	10.6	44.0	2.5 × 10^5	1.7 × 10^5	1.0
H94051001	17.2	4.1	12.4	64.2	5.8 × 10^5	1.4 × 10^5	2.5
I92130	13.1	4.3	16.3	27.6	8.0 × 10^5	1.4 × 10^5	2.5
‘Penco/Chevron’	16.9	3.6	11.3	49.2	5.0 × 10^5	8.3 × 10^4	2.5
H93120	14.3	4.3	12.6	30.7	2.2 × 10^5	1.4 × 10^5	2.0
Mean	15.7	3.8	11.7	46.5	8.4 × 10^5	1.3 × 10^5
F	1.7	2.3*	3.5**	1.9	3.9**	2.0
LSD		0.9	3.4		27067
Note: IP, incubation period in days; LP, latent period in days; LS, lesion size in mm^2; MC, macroconidial count 21 days after inoculation; LT, low temperature (10 ± 1 °C); RT, room temperature (21 ± 2 °C). LP and LS were not measured at LT.
† Fusarium head blight disease nursery 2003/2004, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Brandon Research Centre, Brandon, MB (B. Legge and J. Tucker, personal communication). Field rating fusarium head blight on a 0–5 scale: 0 = no symptoms; 5 = incidence high, 50% or more spikes affected (Legge et al., 2004).
*, ** significant at P = 0.05 and 0.01, respectively.

Table 6.  Partial disease resistance components measured in detached leaves of barley inoculated with Fusarium graminearum and evaluated at two temperatures (Test 3)

Genotype†	IP LT (day)	IP RT (day)	LP RT (day)	LS LT (mm^2)	LS RT (mm^2)	MC LT (mL^−1)	MC RT (mL^−1)
‘AC Lacombe’	6.8	2.4	7.3	84.9	56.6	7.5 × 10^5	1.2 × 10^6
‘Stander’	6.8	1.8	7.4	103.8	58.1	5.5 × 10^5	1.9 × 10^6
CI 4196	7.0	3.5	10.5	75.9	18.3	8.7 × 10^5	5.7 × 10^5
‘Chevron’	12.1	6.2	10.5	18.7	22.6	1.2 × 10^5	5.8 × 10^5
H94051001	9.3	3.8	9.8	41.6	32.7	4.3 × 10^5	1.0 × 10^6
I92130	10.7	3.4	10.4	40.7	25.8	2.2 × 10^5	6.3 × 10^5
‘Penco/Chevron’	8.8	4.2	11.3	75.8	29.6	4.7 × 10^5	6.1 × 10^5
H93120	10.2	3.9	9.3	21.1	13.8	5.0 × 10^5	6.5 × 10^5
Mean	8.9	3.7	9.6	57.8	32.2	4.9 × 10^5	9.0 × 10^5
F	6.05**	2.51^ж	7.71**	2.27	4.53**	3.10*	21.94**
LSD	2.5		1.6		23.5	427520	304782
Note: IP, incubation period in days; LP, latent period in days; LS, lesion size in mm^2; MC, macroconidial count 16 days for RT, and 24 days for LT after inoculation; LT, low temp (10 ± 1 °C); RT = room temperature (21 ± 2 °C). No LP was measured at LT.
† Refer to Table 5 for fusarium head blight field ratings.
*, **, significant at P = 0.05 and P = 0.01, respectively.
^ж P = 0.06.

Table 7.  Correlation coefficients for partial disease resistance components measured in detached leaves of barley inoculated with Fusarium graminearum and evaluated under two temperature regimes (Test 3)

	Column	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
Row		IP (LT)	IP (RT)	LP (RT)	LS (LT)	LS (RT)	MC (LT)	MC (RT)	Field rating†
A	IP (LT)	–	0.82**	0.57	−0.92**	−0.63	−0.88**	−0.61	−0.64
B	IP (RT)	–	–	0.72*	−0.76*	−0.69*	−0.62	−0.73*	−0.77*
C	LP (RT)	–	–	–	−0.48	−0.80**	−0.39	−0.85**	−0.70*
D	LS (LT)	–	–	–	–	0.73*	0.66	0.65	0.61
E	LS (RT)	–	–	–	–	–	0.27	0.88**	0.78*
F	MC(LT)	–	–	–	–	–	–	0.26	0.48
G	MC(RT)	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	0.57
Note: IP, incubation period in days; LP, latent period in days; LS, lesion size in mm^2; MC, macroconidial count; LT, low temperature (10 ± 1 °C); RT, room temperature (21 ± 2 °C).
† Fusarium head blight disease nursery 2003/2004, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Brandon Research Centre, Brandon, MB (B. Legge and J. Tucker, personal communication). Field rating fusarium head blight on a 0–5 scale: 0 = no symptoms; 5 = incidence high, 50% or more spikes affected (Legge et al., 2004).
*, **, significant at P = 0.05 and 0.01, respectively.

Table 8.  Correlation coefficients for partial disease resistance components evaluated using barley seedling leaves 1 (Test 3), 2 (Test 2) and 3 (Test 1) inoculated with Fusarium graminearum and evaluated under two temperature regimes

Components	L2 IP LT	L2 IP RT	L2 LP RT	L2 LS RT	L2 MC LT	L2 MC RT
L1 (IP LT)	–	0.40	0.56	−0.66	−0.80	−0.51
L1 (IP RT)	–	–	0.17	−0.39	−0.89**	−0.46
L1(LP RT)	–	–	–	−0.55	−0.84*	−0.85*
L1 (LS RT)	–	–	–	–	0.85*	0.73
L1 (MC LT)	–	–	–	–	–	0.59
L1 (MC RT)	–	–	–	–	–	–
Components	L1 LP RT	L3 LS RT	L1 LS RT	L3 MC LT	L1 MC LT	L3 MC RT
L3 (LP RT)	0.93**	×	−0.87*	−0.82*	−0.77	×
L1 (LP RT)	–	−0.94**	×	−0.66	−0.72	−0.74
L3 (LS RT)	–	–	0.94**	×	0.82*	×
L1 (LS RT)	–	–	–	0.52	×	0.84*
L3 (MC LT)	–	–	–	–	0.54	×
L1 (MC LT)	–	–	–	–	–	0.59
Components	L2 IP LT	L2 IP RT	L2 LP RT	L2 LS RT	L2 MC LT	L2 MC RT
L3 (IP RT)	−0.86*	0.65	0.79	−0.64	0.09	−0.05
L3 (IP RT)	–	0.87*	0.81	−0.36	−0.23	−0.28
L3 (LP RT)	–	–	0.38	−0.35	−0.95**	−0.91**
L3 (LS RT)	–	–	–	0.61	0.78	0.87*
L3 (MC LT)	–	–	–	–	0.67	0.92**
L3 (MC RT)	–	–	–	–	–	0.50
Note: IP, incubation period in days; LP, latent period in days; LS, lesion size in mm^2; MC, macroconidial count; LT, low temperature (10 ± 1 °C); RT, room temperature (21 ± 2 °C).
*, **, significant at P = 0.05 and 0.01, respectively; ×, irrelevant correlations due to the associations between the same leaf position.

Legge , W.G. , Therrien , M.C. , Tucker , J.R. , Banik , M. , Tekauz , A. , Somers , D. , Savard , M.E. , Rossnagel , B.G. , Lefol , E. , Voth , D. , Zatorski , T. , Harvey , B.L. and Scoles , G. 2004 . Progress in breeding for resistance to fusarium head blight in barley . Can. J. Plant Pathol , 26 : 436 – 442 .

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