A Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled, Four-Arm Parallel Study Investigating the Effect of a Broad-Spectrum Wellness Beverage on Mood State in Healthy, Moderately Stressed Adults

Figures & data

Figure 1. Schematic representation of the study design.

Table 1. Demographics and characteristics of all randomized participants at screening (numbers and percentages; mean values with their standard errors).

	1-Dose Placebo (n = 25)		1-Dose ZW (n = 24)		2-Dose Placebo (n = 25)		1-Dose ZW (n = 25)
	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%	p Value
Sex
Female	18	72	16	67	13	52	15	60	0.515
Male	7	28	8	33	12	48	10	40
Ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino	7	28	7	29	12	48	6	24	0.295
Not Hispanic or Latino	18	72	17	71	13	52	19	76
Race
Black or African American	5	20	3	12	1	4	7	28	0.219
Central American	0	0	1	4	0	0	0	0
Eastern European White	0	0	2	8	1	4	1	4
Middle Eastern	0	0	0	0	1	4	0	0
North American Indian/Aboriginal	5	20	2	8	6	24	3	12
South American	0	0	3	12	1	4	0	0
South Asian	2	8	0	0	1	4	0	0
Western European White	13	52	13	54	14	56	14	56
Alcohol use
None	6	24	6	25	8	32	7	28	0.589
Occasionally	14	56	13	54	8	32	13	52
Weekly	3	12	5	21	7	28	5	20
Daily	2	8	0	0	2	8	0	0
Smoking status
Current smoker	5	20	3	12	3	12	1	4	0.510
Ex-smoker	3	12	1	4	1	4	1	4
Nonsmoker	17	68	20	83	21	84	23	92
Status
Completed	24	96	22	92	24	96	24	96	0.811
Dropped out	1	4	2	8	1	4	1	4
	Mean	SEM	Mean	SEM	Mean	SEM	Mean	SEM
Age (years)	36.8	12.1	34.6	12.7	36.2	13.9	32.6	10.1	0.633
BMI (kg/m^2)	26.1	3.5	25.4	3.2	25.5	3.0	25.3	3.0	0.841
Stress levels	6.4	1.0	5.9	1.1	6.0	0.9	5.4	1.1	0.018

Note. BMI = body mass index, SEM = standard error of the mean; ZW = Zeal Wellness.

Figure 2. Disposition of study participants. A total of 121 potential participants were screened and 99 eligible participants were enrolled in the study (with 25 participants in each study group, except for 1-dose Zeal Wellness, which had 24). Ninety-four participants completed the study. Fifteen participants were removed from the per protocol (PP) analysis; nine participants had missing Profile of Mood States, two participants were noncompliant, one participant had low compliance, two participants withdrew from the study because of an adverse event, and one participant requested to be removed from the study. ITT = intent-to-treat.

Figure 3. Total mood disturbance score results at days 0, 8, 15, and 29 for participants receiving supplementation with Zeal Wellness 1/day, Zeal Wellness 2/day, and placebo (N = 99). POMS = Profile of Mood States.

Figure 4. Anger-hostility score results at days 0, 8, 15, and 29 for participants receiving supplementation with Zeal Wellness 1/day, Zeal Wellness 2/day, and placebo (N = 99). POMS = Profile of Mood States.

Figure 5. Profile of Mood States (POMS) t-score iceberg profile at day 0 and day 29 for participants receiving supplementation with Zeal Wellness 1/day, Zeal Wellness 2/day, and placebo (N = 99).