Using Behavioral Triage in Court-Supervised Treatment of DUI Offenders

Abstract

In 2008, San Joaquin County, California, implemented a system change where all repeat Driving Under the Influence (DUI) offenders in the largest judicial district (mainly the City of Stockton) are required to participate in a DUI Monitoring Court program. The program follows a behavioral triage system where offenders are placed into one of two tracks. Track 1 (monitoring) is a less intensive system where participants are required to come to court infrequently to report on progress in completing the terms of their probation, including Department of Motor Vehicle (DMV) requirements, to qualify to get their license returned. Track 2 is for participants who demonstrate through their behavior (i.e., behavioral triage) that they are unable to comply with Track 1 requirements and who are assessed as needing drug and alcohol treatment. Track 2 follows a drug court model. All repeat DUI offenders convicted after 2008 (i.e., program participants) and a comparison group of all repeat DUI offenders convicted in the 2 years prior to program implementation were tracked for 18 months from the time of their DUI conviction. DMV data were used to examine new DUI convictions and traffic accidents for both groups. The results showed that program participants had significantly fewer new DUI convictions, accidents related to drug and alcohol consumption, and accidents resulting in injury. Participants were also significantly more likely to comply with court, probation, and DMV requirements, and to regain their driver's licenses. The model implemented by the San Joaquin DUI Monitoring Court showed substantial promise for increasing public safety by reducing drunk driving and traffic accidents.

KEYWORDS:

• DUI offenders
• DWI
• drunk driving
• repeat offenders
• drug treatment
• behavioral triage
• stepped care

Notes

¹ For a detailed description of the SJDMC, please see please see Carey, Allen, & Einspruch, 2012.

² Poisoning is now the leading cause of death from injuries in the United States, and nearly 9 out of 10 poisoning deaths are caused by drugs.