Isothermal nucleic acid amplification technology for rapid detection of virus

Abstract

While the research field and industrial market of in vitro diagnosis (IVD) thrived during and post the COVID-19 pandemic, the development of isothermal nucleic acid amplification test (INAAT) based rapid diagnosis was engendered in a global wised large measure as a problem-solving exercise. This review systematically analyzed the recent advances of INAAT strategies with practical case for the real-world scenario virus detection applications. With the qualities that make INAAT systems useful for making diagnosis relevant decisions, the key performance indicators and the cost-effectiveness of enzyme-assisted methods and enzyme-free methods were compared. The modularity of nucleic acid amplification reactions that can lead to thresholding signal amplifications using INAAT reagents and their methodology design were examined, alongside the potential application with rapid test platform/device integration. Given that clinical practitioners are, by and large, unaware of many the isothermal nucleic acid test advances. This review could bridge the arcane research field of different INAAT systems and signal output modalities with end-users in clinic when choosing suitable test kits and/or methods for rapid virus detection.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Isothermal nucleic acids amplification test (INAAT)
• rapid detection
• virus
• on-site detection
• flexible electronics integration

Acknowledgments

The Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE) is further acknowledged in providing space, computational facility and services.

Author contributions

DB: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Writing, Reviewing and Editing; Funding acquisition; ZTW: Formal analysis, Data curation; XXW: Data curation, Visualization; HHF: Formal analysis, Visualization; FPJ: Editing; Analysis; XPD: Validation, Reviewing; WH: Resources, Funding acquisition. All authors have read and approved the manuscript.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This work is supported by the Science Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality JCYJ20190806153018791, Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province LGF19H200005, The Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project for Undergraduate Students XN2021119, S202110699680, National Natural Science Foundation of China 61935017, Projects of International Cooperation and Exchanges NSFC 51811530018, the Japan China Medical Association 国卫-2018920. The roles of the above funders are: advocacy work, monitoring implementation outcomes and dissemination of knowledge.