A mixed method study to explore the maternal impact and outcomes of a specialist Building Attachment and Bonds Service (The BABS Study)

Figures & data

Table 1. Study participant characteristics.

^1Variable	^2Category/Summary Statistic	Value/Count (N = 46)	(%)
Days in study	Minimum	1
	Maximum	435
	Mean (SD)	160.0 (81.0)
Age	16–20	10	(21.7)
	21–29	20	(43.5)
	30–39	14	(30.4)
	40–49	1	(2.2)
	Missing	1	(2.2)
Relationship status	Single	20	(43.5)
	Partner	12	(26.1)
	Married	2	(4.3)
	Co-habiting	10	(21.7)
	Missing	2	(4.3)
Psychological/Psychiatric History	No	9	(19.6)
	Yes	26	(56.5)
	Missing	11	(23.9)
Disability	No	14	(70.0)
	Yes	6	(30.0)
	Missing	26	(56.5)
Past drug use	No	26	(56.5)
	Unsure	1	(2.2)
	Yes	9	(19.6)
	Missing	10	(21.7)
Education	Primary	1	(2.2)
	Some secondary	19	(41.3)
	Completed high school	19	(41.3)
	Some additional training	1	(2.2)
	Completed undergraduate	2	(4.3)
	Completed postgraduate	2	(4.3)
	Missing	2	(4.3)
Ever employed	No	10	(21.7)
	Unsure	12	(26.1)
	Yes	19	(41.3)
	Missing	5	(10.9)
Accommodation	Flat	3	(6.5)
	House	42	(91.3)
	Missing	1	(2.2)
Group	Not pregnant	10	(21.7)
	Pregnant	36	(78.3)

1 Characteristics are reported as at baseline, mean (SD) are reported for the continuous variables.

2 Variables with too many categories were collapsed into a binary format to indicate presence or absence of the characteristic.

Figure 1. Study participant flow chart.

Table 2. Descriptive Statistics for outcome scores by time, group, & mean differences.

Outcome	Group	TP1: Baseline					TP2: Post-Intervention					Mean Difference(s)
		^1n	Min	Max	Mean	(^2SD)	^1n	Min	Max	Mean	(^2SD)	Change: 95% [^3CL]	p-value
TotHADSDep	Pregnant	36	0	21	11.14	6.07	35	0	6	1.58	1.90	9.63 [7.63:11.63]	< 0.001
	Not Pregnant	10	3	20	12.20	6.30	9	0	17	4.22	6.07	8.00 [0.58:15.42]	0.040
TotHADSAnx	Pregnant	36	0	21	13.97	5.52	35	0	12	4.64	3.50	9.40 [7.56:11.24]	< 0.001
	Not Pregnant	10	10	21	16.40	3.69	9	1	17	6.00	5.48	10.33 [4.70:15.97]	0.003
P_PRFQ_Total	Pregnant	36	20	83	56.78	16.11	36	41	98	87.56	11.61	30.78 [24.84:36.72]	< 0.001
	Not Pregnant	10	14	92	56.30	21.55	10	0	98	70.50	30.41	14.20 [−13.37:41.77]	0.274
MAAS/MPASS	Pregnant	36	34	84	68.25	14.47	36	69	85	77.02	2.85	8.78 [4.08:13.48]	0.001
	Not Pregnant	10	34	85	75.70	15.13	9	72	87	76.44	4.61	0.34 [−11.62:12.29]	0.950

* Values reported to the nearest two decimal places.

1 n – Sample size available at each time point.

2 SD – Standard Deviation.

3 CL – 95% Confidence Interval.

Table 3. Spearman rho correlation coefficients between depression, anxiety, reflective functioning, and maternal attachment by time points.

		HADs Dep	HADs Anx	P-PRFQ	MAAS-MPASS
Time 1: Baseline	HADs Dep	1.00
	HADs Anx	0.73**	1.00
	P-PRFQ	−0.46*	−0.42*	1.00
	MAAS-MPASS	−0.57*	−0.43*	0.70**	1.00
Time 2: Post-Intervention	HADs Dep	1.00
	HADs Anx	0.77**	1.00
	P-PRFQ	−0.20	−0.04	1.00
	MAAS-MPASS	−0.42*	−0.45*	0.04	1.00

** Significant correlation coefficients p ≤ 0.0001.

* Significant correlation coefficients p ≤ 0.01.

Figure 2. Mean profile plots of Total HADs, Total Anxs, P-PRFQ, and MAAS/MPASS scores by pregnancy status group with ±1 SD at each time point.

Data sharing statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, [LB], upon reasonable request.