Hyperuricemia is Associated with the Presence of Metabolically Obese Normal-Weight and Metabolically Healthy Obese Phenotypes

ABSTRACT

Background

It is well-recognized that hyperuricemia is a common abnormality among individuals with metabolic syndrome.

Aims

The objective of this study was to determine whether hyperuricemia is associated with the metabolically obese normal-weight (MONW) and metabolically healthy obese (MHO) phenotypes.

Methods

Men and women equal or greater than 18 years of age were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Normal-weight subjects were allocated into the MONW or healthy normal-weight (HNW) groups; while obese individuals were divided into the MHO and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) subgroups. MONW phenotype was defined by body mass index (BMI) <25.0 kg/m² accompanied by at least one cardiovascular risk factor (hyperglycemia, elevated blood pressure, hypertriglyceridemia, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), and MHO phenotype was considered in obese subjects (BMI ≥30 kg/m²) without metabolic abnormalities.

Results

A total of 567 individuals were enrolled; of them, normal-weight subjects were allocated into the MONW (n = 101) and control (n = 72) groups, whereas obese individuals into the MHO (n = 61) and MUO (n = 333) groups. The multiple logistic regression analysis adjusted by age, gender, and body mass index revealed that hyperuricemia is significantly associated with MONW (OR = 5.14; 95% CI: 1.37–19.29) and MHO (OR = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.14–0.82) phenotypes.

Conclusion

Results of our study showed that hyperuricemia is associated with both MONW and MHO phenotypes.

KEYWORDS:

• Uric acid
• hyperuricemia
• metabolically obese normal-weight
• metabolically healthy obese
• obesity

Disclosure Statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Data Availability Statement

The data used to support the results of our study are shown within the article.

Research Ethics Approval

All procedures performed in human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments. Written informed consent was obtained from the participants.

Contributorship

F. Guerrero-Romero and L.E. Simental-Mendía equally contributed to the conception, design, and interpretation of the data.. Both authors have reviewed the manuscript, approved its final version and are the guarantors of the work. Both authors take responsability for the integrity of the data and accuracy of the data analysis.

Additional information

Funding

The author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.