Association between dyslipidaemia and the risk of hyperuricaemia: a six-year longitudinal cohort study of elderly individuals in China

Figures & data

Figure 1. Flow chart of subject selection for the present study.

Table 1. Baseline characteristics of subjects participants by the group of blood lipid.

Characteristics	Dyslipidaemia (n = 844)	Non-Dyslipidaemia (n = 3174)	p Value
Age, years, mean ± SD	67.30 ± 6.10	67.80 ± 6.52	.12
Gender, n (%)			.21
man	382 (45.26)	1513 (47.67)
woman	462 (54.74)	1661 (52.33)
BMI, kg/m^2	24.31 ± 3.27	22.77 ± 3.06	<.01
Smoking status, n (%)			.81
yes	291 (34.48)	1080 (34.03)
no	553 (65.52)	2094 (65.97)
Alcohol intake, n (%)			<.01
yes	145 (17.18)	718 (22.62)
no	699 (82.82)	2456 (77.38)
Physical activity, n (%)			.35
yes	368 (43.60)	1327 (41.81)
no	476 (56.40)	1847 (58.19)
SBP, mmHg	146.22 ± 19.80	142.72 ± 19.00	<.01
DBP, mmHg	86.57 ± 11.19	85.13 ± 11.20	<.01
FPG, mmol/L	5.74 ± 1.31	5.52 ± 1.16	<.01
ALT, U/L	21.30 ± 13.56	18.33 ± 10.82	<.01
AST, U/L	24.14 ± 10.05	24.06 ± 8.07	.05
Creatinine,μmol/L	68.24 ± 14.79	67.73 ± 15.12	.23
BUN, mmol/L	4.94 ± 1.27	5.29 ± 1.42	<.01
Hypertension, n (%)			<.01
yes	569 (67.42)	1936 (61.00)
no	275 (32.58)	1238 (39.00)
Diabetes, n (%)			<.01
yes	93 (11.02)	206 (6.49）
no	751 (88.98)	2968 (93.51)

Table 2. Hazard ratio for the incidence of HUA by dyslipidaemia and its components.

	Normal group	Exposure group	For each SD
Dyslipidaemia
Incident rate 10000 person-years	1840.74/10000	1981.61/10000	–
model1^a	1.0 (ref)	1.52 (1.33–1.73)	–
model2^b	1.0 (ref)	1.40 (1.23–1.60)	–
model3^c	1.0 (ref)	1.28 (1.12–1.47)	–
High TC
Incident rate 10000 person-years	2001.89/10000	2019.54/10000	–
model1^a	1.0 (ref)	1.18 (0.94–1.47)	1.06 (1.00–1.14)
model2^b	1.0 (ref)	1.06 (0.84–1.32)	1.06 (0.99–1.16)
model3^c1	1.0 (ref)	0.99 (0.72–1.37)	0.88 (0.64–1.19)
High TG
Incident rate 10000 person-years	2004.03/10000	1992.06/10000	–
model1^a	1.0 (ref)	1.66 (1.39–1.98)	1.24 (1.17–1.31)
model2^b	1.0 (ref)	1.48 (1.24–1.78)	1.18 (1.12–1.26)
model3^c2	1.0 (ref)	1.30 (1.07–1.57)	1.15 (1.00–1.32)
High LDL-C
Incident rate 10000 person-years	2003.00/10000	2002.92/10000	–
model1^a	1.0 (ref)	1.17 (0.90–1.53)	1.14 (1.05–1.23)
model2^b	1.0 (ref)	1.07 (0.82–1.40)	1.05 (0.96–1.15)
model3^c3	1.0 (ref)	1.02 (0.70–1.50)	1.15 (0.76–1.73)
Low HDL-C
Incident rate 10000 person-years	1851.33/10000	1945.95/10000	–
model1^a	1.0 (ref)	1.52 (1.29–1.79)	0.56 (0.48–0.66)
model2^b	1.0 (ref)	1.44 (1.22–1.71)	0.59 (0.50–0.70)
model3^c4	1.0 (ref)	1.20 (1.00–1.44)	0.84 (0.60–1.19)

model 1^a: adjusted for age and gender;.

model 2^b: model1^a+ smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activity, hypertension, diabetes, CRE, BUN, AST, and ALT.

model 3^c: model 2^b+BMI; model 3^c1: model 3^c+TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C; model 3^c2: model 3^c+ TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C; model 3^c3: model 3^c+TG, TC, and HDL-C; model 3^c4: model 3^c+TG, TC, and LDL-C.

Figure 2. Risk of incident HUA associated with different dyslipidaemia types during the 6 years.

Table 3. Multivariable Cox regression analysis of between number of dyslipidaemia components and HUA.

Number of dyslipidaemia components	Case(n)	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
0	3174	1(ref)	1(ref)	1(ref)
1	540	1.49 (1.28–1.75)	1.40(1.21–1.65)	1.27 (1.08–1.49)
2 and more	304	1.54 (1.27–1.87)	1.39 (1.14–1.69)	1.30 (1.07–1.58)

Model 1: adjusted for age and gender.

Model 2: adjusted for age, gender, smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activity, hypertension, diabetes, CRE, BUN, AST, and ALT.

Model 3: adjusted for age, gender, smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activity, hypertension, diabetes, CRE, BUN, AST, ALT, and BMI.

Figure 3. Stratified analyses for the association between dyslipidaemia and HUA.

Table 4. Sensitivity analyses for the association between dyslipidaemia and HUA.

Model	Number	HRs (95% CIs)
		Non-dyslipidaemia	Dyslipidaemia
Model 3, excluding the first 2 years’ incident HUA	3694	1.0 (ref)	1.30 (1.11–1.52)
Model 3, excluding baseline cardiovascular cases	3728	1.0 (ref)	1.29 (1.12–1.48)
Model 3, excluding baseline hypertension cases	1513	1.0 (ref)	1.12 (0.86–1.45)
Model 3, excluding baseline diabetes cases	3719	1.0 (ref)	1.29 (1.12–1.48)

Model 3: adjusted for age, gender, smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activity, hypertension, diabetes, CRE, BUN, AST, ALT, and BMI.

Data availability statement

All the data and materials used in our article are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.