Logistic regression analysis of risk factors for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome complicated with acute pancreatitis

Figures & data

Table 1. General information of all patients with HFRS.

Basic data	HFRS (n = 114) n or mean ± SD	HFRS with AP (n = 30) n(%) or mean ± SD	HFRS without AP (n = 84) n(%) or mean ± SD
Age (years)	49.31 ± 14.82	51.60 ± 11.11	48.49 ± 15.92
Sex
Male	94	26 (86.77)	68 (80.95)
Female	20	4 (13.33)	16 (19.05)
Living in Xuancheng city (Anhui Province)
Yes	95	29 (96.67)	66 (78.57)
No	19	1 (3.33)	18 (21.43)
Having underlying diseases
Yes	21	5 (16.67)	16 (19.05)
No	93	25 (83.33)	68 (80.95)

SD: Standard deviation.

Table 2. Results of univariate logistic regression analyses of the demographic characteristics associated with HFRS complicated with AP.

Variables	B	Standard error	Wald	p	Odds ratio	95% confidence interval
Age	−0.014	0.015	0.975	.323	0.986	0.958	1.014
Sex	0.425	0.605	0.494	.482	1.529	0.468	5.003
Living in Xuancheng city (Anhui Province)	2.068	1.051	3.870	.049	7.909	1.008	62.084
Basic diseases	−0.163	0.563	0.083	.773	0.850	0.282	2.563
Season of onset	0.361	0.463	0.608	.435	1.435	0.579	3.560
Smoking history	0.441	0.465	0.900	.343	1.555	0.625	3.869
Alcohol consumption history	1.037	0.463	5.021	.025	2.821	1.139	6.986

Living in Xuancheng city (Anhui Province) was assigned 1, and no was assigned 2. Male was assigned 1; female was assigned 2. Having basic diseases was assigned 1, and no basic diseases was assigned 2. The onset season was assigned 1 in spring and autumn and 2 in summer and winter. Have smoking history and Alcohol consumption history were assigned 1, and no smoking and Alcohol consumption history was assigned 2.

B: β coefficient. Statistically significant correlations (p < .05) are highlighted by bold print.

Table 3. Results of univariate logistic regression analyses of the clinical characteristics associated with HFRS complicated with AP.

Variables	B	Standard error	Wald	p	Odds ratio	95% confidence interval
Fever	−0.505	0.519	0.947	.331	0.604	0.219	1.668
Duration of fever	0.055	0.110	0.253	.615	1.057	0.852	1.310
Muscle soreness	0.283	0.587	0.233	.630	1.327	0.420	4.194
Cough and expectoration	−1.670	1.061	2.477	.116	0.188	0.024	1.506
Abdominal pain	−0.305	0.689	0.195	.658	0.737	0.191	2.847
Diarrhea	0.167	0.431	0.150	.698	1.182	0.508	2.750
Vomiting	−0.118	0.433	0.074	.786	0.889	0.380	2.077
Skin ecchymosis	0.201	0.725	0.077	.782	1.222	0.295	5.065
Headache	−0.223	0.523	0.182	.670	0.800	0.287	2.232

Fever, muscle soreness, cough and expectoration, abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, skin ecchymosis and headache were assigned 1, and the absence of these symptoms was assigned 2. B: β coefficient.

Table 4. Results of univariate logistic regression analyses of the laboratory parameters associated with HFRS complicated with AP.

Variables	B	Standard error	Wald	p	Odds ratio	95% confidence interval		HFRS with AP group	HFRS group
WBC	−0.033	0.015	4.691	.030	0.967	0.938	0.997	26.00 ± 11.10	19.25 ± 3.34
LYM%	0.058	0.022	6.921	.009	1.059	1.015	1.106	16.88 ± 2.79	29.35 ± 4.41
MO%	0.015	0.057	0.073	.787	1.015	0.909	1.134	9.50 ± 0.56	8.51 ± 1.16
EO%	−0.425	0.215	3.920	.048	0.653	0.429	0.996	1.03 ± 0.21	0.87 ± 0.23
NEUT	−0.052	0.022	5.531	.019	0.949	0.909	0.991	18.33 ± 7.45	11.71 ± 2.28
LYM	−0.038	0.062	0.381	.537	0.963	0.853	1.086	4.85 ± 2.61	5.25 ± 0.86
MO	−0.189	0.130	2.107	.147	0.828	0.642	1.068	2.35 ± 0.88	1.79 ± 0.48
EO	−1.552	0.696	4.964	.026	0.212	0.054	0.830	0.23 ± 0.09	0.22 ± 0.10
RBC	−0.620	0.262	5.623	.018	0.538	0.322	0.898	4.41 ± 0.60	4.31 ± 0.24
HB	−0.022	0.009	6.340	.012	0.978	0.962	0.995	136.25 ± 18.04	130.93 ± 6.18
HCT	−7.462	3.082	5.863	.015	0.001	0.000	0.241	0.40 ± 0.05	0.38 ± 0.02
PLT	0.015	0.010	2.273	.132	1.015	0.995	1.035	39.75 ± 9.57	45.71 ± 9.59
Proteinuria	1.489	0.586	6.472	.011	4.435	1.408	13.972	NA	NA
Hematuria	0.907	0.448	4.095	.043	2.476	1.029	5.959	NA	NA
TP	0.063	0.033	3.592	.058	1.065	0.998	1.137	50.68 ± 3.03	50.58 ± 1.75
ALB	0.132	0.058	5.153	.023	1.141	1.018	1.278	23.15 ± 1.52	26.11 ± 1.27
GLOB	0.042	0.048	0.749	.387	1.043	0.949	1.146	27.53 ± 1.57	24.47 ± 0.98
TBIL	−0.003	0.005	0.253	.615	0.997	0.987	1.008	25.29 ± 7.80	45.83 ± 25.62
DBIL	0.000	0.009	0.001	.971	1.000	0.982	1.017	9.50 ± 2.71	26.97 ± 17.06
TBA	−0.002	0.012	0.046	.831	0.998	0.975	1.021	19.16 ± 8.20	17.80 ± 8.84
BUN	−0.086	0.022	15.555	.000	0.918	0.880	0.958	33.43 ± 4.27	26.92 ± 2.86
Cr	−0.002	0.001	9.571	.002	0.998	0.996	0.999	791.45 ± 162.10	533.41 ± 65.77
UA	−0.002	0.001	4.294	.038	0.998	0.996	1.000	646.18 ± 67.34	623.36 ± 55.64
CyS-C	−0.259	0.083	9.798	.002	0.772	0.656	0.908	8.19 ± 1.47	5.34 ± 0.63
GLU	−0.043	0.036	1.454	.228	0.958	0.893	1.027	9.55 ± 1.08	9.95 ± 1.40
CK	0.000	0.000	1.733	.188	1.000	0.999	1.000	382.50 ± 161.55	894.21 ± 726.81
CKMB	−0.003	0.004	0.660	.417	0.997	0.988	1.005	40.75 ± 10.59	50.52 ± 14.81
LDH	0.000	0.000	2.872	.090	1.000	0.999	1.000	680.25 ± 150.54	1267.86 ± 658.03
K	−0.269	0.238	1.271	.260	0.764	0.479	1.220	4.79 ± 0.27	4.77 ± 0.16
Na	0.001	0.003	0.165	.684	1.001	0.995	1.007	148.28 ± 3.32	145.02 ± 0.90
Ca	0.031	0.081	0.146	.702	1.031	0.881	1.208	2.23 ± 0.10	2.03 ± 0.05
Mg	−0.644	0.845	0.581	.446	0.525	0.100	2.750	1.12 ± 0.04	1.20 ± 0.10
CO2CP	0.140	0.061	5.207	.023	1.150	1.020	1.298	14.53 ± 1.41	17.24 ± 0.68
CRP	−0.003	0.004	0.512	.474	0.997	0.989	1.005	44.57 ± 4.52	96.05 ± 27.94
PT	−0.029	0.022	1.755	.185	0.972	0.931	1.014	14.28 ± 1.15	15.42 ± 1.54
APTT	−0.006	0.010	0.385	.535	0.994	0.974	1.014	37.40 ± 5.91	44.84 ± 4.45
FDPs	−0.029	0.013	5.316	.021	0.971	0.947	0.996	28.09 ± 9.79	14.45 ± 2.77
D-dimer	−0.102	0.044	5.273	.022	0.903	0.828	0.985	6.53 ± 2.86	3.85 ± 0.87

WBC: white blood cell; lym%: lymphocyte percentage; Mo%: monocyte percentage; EO%: eosinophil percentage; neut: neutrophil; lym: lymphocyte; Mo: monocyte; EO: eosinophil; RBC: erythrocyte; HB: hemoglobin; HCT: hematocrit; PLT: platelet; TP: Total protein; ALB: albumin, GLOB: globulin; TBIL: total bilirubin; DBIL: direct bilirubin; TBA: bile acid; BUN: urea nitrogen; Cr: creatinine; UA: uric acid; Cys-C: cystatin-C; Glu: glucose; CK: creatine kinase; CKMB: creatine kinase isoenzyme; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; K: potassium; Na: sodium; Ca: calcium; Mg: magnesium; CO₂CP: carbon dioxide binding force; CRP: C-reactive protein; PT: prothrombin time; APTT: activated partial thromboplastin time; FDPs: fibrinogen degradation products; proteinuria and hematuria 3+ and 4+ were assigned 2, and 2+, 1+ and – were assigned 1; NA: not applicable. Statistically significant correlations (p < .05) are highlighted by bold print. B: β coefficient. Statistically significant correlations (p < .05) are highlighted by bold print.

Table 5. Results of multivariable regression analyses of the high-risk factors associated with HFRS complicated with AP.

Variables	B	Standard error	Wald	p	Odds ratio	95% confidence interval
Alcohol consumption history	2.971	2.011	2.961	.036	19.516	1.222	311.716
LYM%	0.169	0.084	4.023	.045	1.184	1.004	1.396
Proteinuria	4.618	2.191	4.444	.035	101.271	1.383	7415.481
FDPs	0.204	0.097	4.453	.035	1.226	1.015	1.482
D-dimer	−0.663	0.301	4.857	.028	0.515	0.286	0.929

B: β coefficient. Statistically significant correlations (p < .05) are highlighted by bold print.

Data availability statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author, [Jinsun Yang].