Clinical application and follow-up of electrocautery-enhanced lumen-apposing metal stents for endoscopic ultrasonography-guided interventions

Figures & data

Table 1. Summary of the applications of lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS).

			Adverse event rate
Application	Technical success rate	Clinical success rate	Early	Late
PFCs	97.1	88.8	——	stent displacement (7.4)
				stent obstruction and infection (7.9)
				massive hemorrhage (2)
				stent incarceration (1)
				PFCs recurrence (9.2)
EUS-GBD	95–98	95–98.7	6.5	8.3
EUS-CDS	84.3–94.8	93.6	19	10.9–13.6
EUS-GE	86.7–92	83.3–85	1.6–16	——
Benign intestinal stenosis	98.6–100	66.7–90.5	21.5
EDGE	100	——	stenosis(3.3); stent displacement(19)

EUS: endoscopic ultrasonography; PFCs: pancreatic fluid collection; ERCP: endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; EUS-GBD: EUS-gallbladder drainage; EUS-CDS: EUS-choledochoduodenostomy; EUS-GE: EUS-gastroenterostomy; EDGE, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopan­creatography.

Table 2. Performance comparison between LAMS and ECE LAMS.

	LAMS				ECE-LAMS
			Adverse event rate(%)				Adverse event rate(%)
	Technical success rate(%)	Clinical success rate(%)	Early	Late	Technical success rate(%)	Clinical success rate(%)	Early	Late
PFCs	93.5–100	80–93.9	–	stent displacement 4.2	97.1–100	83.3–100	stent displacement 3.4–7.7	stent displacement 3.3–7.4
				stent obstruction and infection 3.1–5.7				stent obstruction and infection 4–7.9
				hemorrhage 2.4–4.1				hemorrhage 2–3.3
								stent buried 1
EUS-GBD	93–95.9	79.6–100	4.9–6.5	5.7–8.3	98.7–100	91.7–95.9	5.3	5.3

LAMS: lumen-apposing metal stents; ECE-LAMS: electrocautery-enhanced lumen-apposing metal stents; PFCs: pancreatic fluid collection; EUS-GBD, EUS-gallbladder drainage.

Figure 1. Application of ECE-LAMS in PFCs.

Figure 2. Application of ECE-LAMS in EUS-CD.

Data availability statement

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.