The therapeutic effects of yoga in people with Parkinson’s disease: a mini-review

Figures & data

Table 1. Characteristics of the included studies.

References	Participants	Interventions	Outcomes
Cherup et al. [34]	n = 33 Age: 40–90 y HY scale 1–3 stage ability to walk with/without aids	A novel yoga meditation program vs. proprioceptive training 45 min, 2 times/wk, 12 wks	TUG
Cheung et al. [26]	n = 20 Age: 49–75 y HY scale 1–3 stage ability to walk with/without aids	Hatha Yoga vs. usual care 60 min, 2 times/wk, 12 wks	UPDRS, MoCA, Beck Depression Inventory
Colgrove et al. [22]	n = 13 Age: 50–88 y HY scale 1–2 stage ability to walk with/without aids	Yoga exercise vs. yoga sessions 60 min, 2 times/wk, 12 wks	UPDRS-III, BBS, ROM, muscle strength gait (postural sway and gait initiation
Jojo et al. [38]	n = 138 Age: 63.6 ± 8.7 y HY scale 1–3 stage ability to walk with/without aids	Mindfulness Yoga vs. stretching and resistance 60 min /wk, 8 wks	HADS, UPDRS-III, TUG, HWS, PDQ-8
Khuzema et al. [29]	n = 27 Age: 68.11 ± 4.23 y HY scale 2.5–3 stage ability to walk with/without aids	Modified Yoga vs. conventional balance exercise 30–40 min/wk, 8 wks	BBS, TUG, 10-Minute Walk test
Myers et al. [31]	n = 26 Age: 65.0 ± 8.7 y HY scale 2–3 stage ability to walk with/without aids	Modified Yoga vs. usual daily routines 60 min, 2 times/wk, 12 wks	BESTest, BAI
Ni et al. [23]	n = 23 Age: 72.2 ± 6.5 y HY scale 1–3 stage ability to walk with/without aids	High-speed yoga vs. 1-h nonexercise, health education 60 min, 2 times/wk, 12 wks; 1/mo × 3mo	UPDRS-III, BBS, Mini-BESTest, TUG, PDQ-39
Walter et al. [45]	n = 27 Age: 67.74 ± 5.89 y HY scale 1.5–3 stage ability to walk with/without aids	Modified Yoga vs. usual care 60 min, 2 times/wk, 8 wks	UPDRS, Mini-BESTest FGA, FOG, FS-16, PDQ-8

HY: Hoehn and Yahr scale; min: minute; wk: week; mo: month; TUG: timed up and go test; UPDRS: unified Parkinson’s disease rating scale; UPDRS-III: the motor subscale of the unified parkinson’s disease rating scale; BBS: Berg balance scale; PDQ-39: Parkinson’s disease questionnaire-39; BDI: Beck depression inventory; HADS: hospital anxiety and depression scale; MoCA: montreal cognitive assessment; ROM: range-of-motion; HWS: holistic well-being scale; PDQ-8: Parkinson’s disease questionnaire-8; Mini-BESTest: mini-balance evaluation systems test; BAI: beck anxiety inventory; FGA: functional gait assessment; FoG: freezing of gait questionnaire; PFS-16: parkinson’s fatigue scale-16.

Figure 1. Risk of bias assessment.

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Data availability statement

Data sharing is not applicable to this article, given that no new data were created or analysed in this study.