Do screening blood pressure and plasma catecholamines predict development of hypertension? Twenty‐year follow‐up of middle‐aged men

Figures & data

Table I. Characteristics of groups; original classification.

Variable	Normotensives in 1984, n = 34	Hypertensives in 1984, n = 22	p‐value
1984
Age (years)	42.1±0.4	42.1±0.7	ns
Weight (kg)	77.2±9.4	79.8±8.7	ns
BMI (kg/m^2)	24.2±2.9	24.8±2.4	ns
SBP (mmHg)	119.6±8.5	137.0±8.3	<0.001
DBP (mmHg)	69.9±5.8	84.4±7.1	<0.001
HR (beats/min)	56.3±6.4	63.8±13.6	0.007
2004
Age (years)	62.1±0.4	62.5±0.7	ns
Weight (kg)	82.8±11.1	87.7±12.8	ns
BMI (kg/m^2)	26.6±3.4	28.1±3.8	ns
SBP (mmHg)	142.2±13.5	165.3±23.7	<0.001
DBP (mmHg)	90.4±8.7	102.4±8.2	<0.001
HR (beats/min)	64.2±8.2	70.7±10.0	0.010
24‐h ASBP (mmHg)	124.6±11.2	136.7±12.8	0.001
24‐h ADBP (mmHg)	76.1±6.8	84.1±8.1	<0.001
24‐h HR (beats/min)	68.1±9.1	70.6±9.8	ns
HSBP (mmHg)	133.5±11.7	154.4±21.4	<0.001
HDBP (mmHg)	79.1±7.1	87.3±7.9	0.001

BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HR, heart rate; 24‐h ASBP, 24‐hour ambulatory systolic blood pressure; 24‐h ADBP, 24‐h ambulatory diastolic blood pressure; 24‐h HR, 24‐h mean heart rate; HSBP, home systolic blood pressure; HDBP, home diastolic blood pressure; ns, not significant.

Table II. Characteristics of groups; present classification – NTNT, sustained normotensives; NTHT, new hypertensives; HTHT, sustained hypertensives.

Variable	NTNT, n = 17	NTHT, n = 17	HTHT, n = 22	p
1984:
1) The Oslo Study:
SBP (mm Hg)	117.9±6.2*	121.8±5.9*†	138.2±8.1†	*0.035, †<0.001
DBP (mm Hg)	71.1±6.2*	74.5±5.2*†	91.2±4.7†	*0.049, †<0.001
HR (beats/min)	nd	nd	nd
MBP (mm Hg)	86.7±5.4*	90.2±4.5*†	106.9±4.7†	*0.048, †<0.001
2) Inclusion:
SBP (mm Hg)	127.4±7.8*	126.6±8.7*†	150.0±11.6†	*ns, †<0.001
DBP (mm Hg)	80.6±5.8*	79.8±6.6*†	98.7±5.2†	*ns, †<0.001
HR (beats/min)	61.7±8.4*	65.6±7.1*†	74.7±15.8†	*ns, †<0.001
MBP (mm Hg)	96.2±5.6*	95.4±6.7*†	115.8±6.2†	*ns, †<0.001
3) Investigation:
SBP (mm Hg)	118.8±9.4*	120.5±7.5*†	136.9±8.3†	*ns, †<0.001
DBP (mm Hg)	68.6±5.4*	71.1±6.0*†	84.4±7.1†	*ns, †<0.001
HR (beats/min)	57.4±7.7*	55.1±4.7*†	63.8±13.6†	*ns, †<0.001
MBP (mm Hg)	85.3±5.5*	87.5±5.6*†	102.0±7.0†	*ns, †<0.001
2004:
SBP (mm Hg)	134.8±11.7^*	149.5±11.4^*†	165.2±23.7†	^*0.001, †0.01
DBP (mm Hg)	85.8±6.5^*	95.0±8.3^*†	102.3±8.2†	^*0.001, †0.009
HR (beats/min)	64.5±6.9^*	63.8±9.4^*†	70.7±10.0†	^*ns, †0.035
MBP	102.2±7.0*	113.2±8.2*	123.3±12.1†	^*<0.001, †0.005
24‐h ASBP (mmHg)	119.5±6.0^*	127.8±13.6^*†	136.7±12.8†	^*0.029, †0.045
24‐h ADBP (mmHg)	73.1±4.5^*	78.0±8.0^*†	84.1±8.1†	^*0.039, †0.024
HSBP (mmHg)	126.0±5.9^*	141.6±11.1^*†	154.3±21.4†	^*<0.001, †0.045
HDBP (mmHg)	75.5±4.3^*	82.9±7.6^*†	87.3±7.9†	^*0.04, †ns

SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HR, heart rate; 24‐h ASBP, 24‐h ambulatory systolic blood pressure; 24‐h ADBP, 24‐h ambulatory diastolic blood pressure; 24‐h HR, 24‐h heart rate; HSBP, home systolic blood pressure; HDBP, home diastolic blood pressure; nd, not done; ns, not significant. *NTNTs vs NTHTs. †NTHTs vs HTHTs.

Figure 1 Flowcharts of the groups at baseline in 1984 and at follow‐up in 2004.

Figure 2 Correlation between mean blood pressure(MBP) in 1984 and mean blood pressure (MBP) in 2004 in the whole group (n = 56).

Figure 3 The relationship between change in mean office blood pressure(MBP, %) in 1984 (screening to investigation) and the change in MBP (%) 20 years later in the normotensive group (n = 34).

Figure 4 Correlation between arterial adrenaline in 1984 and mean blood pressure(MBP) in 2004 in the subjects who converted from normotension to hypertension during the follow‐up, new hypertensives (NTHT; n = 17).

Table III. Plasma catecholamines; original classification.

Variable	Normotensives in 1984, n = 34	Hypertensives in 1984, n = 22	p‐value
1984
Venous‐noradrenaline (pmol/l)	1296±428	1353±271	ns
Arterial‐noradrenaline (pmol/l)	1124±260	1292±367	0.005
Venous‐adrenaline (pmol/l)	210±90	316±282	0.05
Arterial‐adrenaline (pmol/l)	374±133	505±627	ns
2004
Venous‐noradrenaline (pmol/l)	1451±462	1649±538	ns
Venous‐adrenaline (pmol/l)	197±84	294±203	<0.001

ns, not significant.

Table IV. Plasma catecholamines; present classification – NTNT, sustained normotensives; NTHT, new hypertensives; HTHT, sustained hypertensives.

Variable	NTNT, n = 17	NTHT, n = 17	HTHT, n = 22	ANOVA, p
1984
Venous‐noradrenaline (pmol/l)	1305±460	1286±406	1353±271	ns
Arterial‐noradrenaline (pmol/l)	1167±235	1080±282	1292±367	ns
Venous‐adrenaline (pmol/l)	235±106	184±63	316±283	ns
Arterial‐adrenaline (pmol/l)	408±138	341±124	505±628	ns
2004
Venous‐noradrenaline (pmol/l)	1463±525	1440±406	1649±539	ns
Venous‐adrenaline (pmol/l)	191±94	202±74	294±203	0.053

ns, not significant.