Genetic and stress influences on the prevalence of hypertension among hispanics/latinos in the hispanic community health study/study of latinos (HCHS/SOL)

Figures & data

Table 1. Characteristics of the target population of HCHS/SOL.

Number of participants = 11,263	N (%) or mean (SD)
Mean age (SD)	53.32 years (13.16)
Sex
Male	5586 (49.6)
Female	5676 (50.4)
Hispanic/Latino background group
Dominican	1021 (8.8)
Puerto Rican	2728 (16.6)
Cuban	2348 (14.3)
Central American	1732 (10.6)
South American	1072 (6.5)
Recruitment site
Bronx	2649 (22.8)
Chicago	3098 (26.6)
Miami	2852 (24.5)
San Diego	3033 (26.1)
Annual family income
<10,000 USD	2338 (14.2)
10,001–20,000 USD	4869 (29.7)
20,001–40,000 USD	5058 (30.8)
40,001–75,000 USD	2016 (12.3)
>75,000 USD	646 (3.9)

Table 2. Means and standard deviations of main study variables.

	M	SD
Number of chronic stressors (0–8)	1.65	1.59
SBP (mmHg)	123.60	18.71
DBP (mmHg)	72.33	10.72
GRS (0–10)	3.15	1.64

Table 3. Adjusted logistic regression model results for chronic stress and GRS on prevalent hypertension at HCHS/SOL visit 2.

	OR	95% CI
Model 1. Main effects model
Chronic stress	1.18	1.14,1.22
Genetic risk score	1.04	1.01,1.07
Model 2. Multiplicative interaction model
	Exp(beta)	95%CI
Chronic stress	1.18	1.14,1.22
Genetic risk score	1.04	1.01,1.07
Chronic stress × genetic risk score	1.01	.99,1.03

Table 4. Adjusted linear regression model results for chronic stress and genetic risk score on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP).

			SBP					DBP
	Unstandardised coefficients			Standardised coefficients		Unstandardised coefficients			Standardised coefficients
Model 1. Main effects model
	b	t	95% CI	β	SE	b	t	95% CI	β	SE
Chronic Stress	0.80	3.37	0.34, 1.26	.07	.020	0.45	3.38	0.19, 0.72	.07	.019
Genetic risk score	0.42	2.42	0.08, 0.76	.04	.015	0.32	2.64	0.081, 0.55	.05	.020
Model 2. Multiplicative interaction model
Chronic stress	.81	.001	.35,1.27	.07	.02	.46	.006	.19, .72	.07	.019
Genetic risk score	.44	.01	.09, .78	.09	.015	.32	.001	.09, .56	.05	.018
Chronic stress × genetic risk score	.08	.51	−.16, .31	.01	.016	.04	0.62	−.11, .19	.01	.017

Figure 1. Distribution of genetic risk scores among broad ethnic background groups (Latin American and Caribbean).