Figures & data
Figure 1. Illustration of the calculation of disruption scores. Papers may exclusively cite the article of interest (a), cite both the article of interest and a referenced article (b), or exclusively cite a referenced article (c). The disruption score is scaled from −1 to +1, with the former indicating developmental papers and the latter indicating disrupting papers.
![Figure 1. Illustration of the calculation of disruption scores. Papers may exclusively cite the article of interest (a), cite both the article of interest and a referenced article (b), or exclusively cite a referenced article (c). The disruption score is scaled from −1 to +1, with the former indicating developmental papers and the latter indicating disrupting papers.](/cms/asset/09860709-acde-4e2c-b707-10913e6e3bf6/isio_a_2112851_f0001_b.gif)