Exploitation of Copper Bleed Stream for the Extraction and Recovery of Copper and Nickel by Bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinic Acid

Abstract

Bleed streams from copper electrolysis/electrowinning processes potentially contain high amounts of acid, copper, and nickel which need an effective treatment before disposal. A systematic study was carried out to optimize the parameters for the extraction and recovery of metal values using bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinic acid (Cyanex 272) diluted with kerosene. Since pH has a major role to play in the separation of Cu from Ni, a 60% saponified solvent was used for extraction studies. With an increase in equilibrium pH from 3.32 to 5.48 and extractant concentration from 5 to 20%, there is an increase in the percentage extraction of metal ions. With a solvent concentration of 20%, the separation factor for Cu with respect to Ni () increases from 39.1 to 118.8 with the increase in pH from 3.3 to 5.5. Loading capacity of 20% Cyanex 272 was found to be 30.8 g/L Cu and 0.024 g/L Ni. After scrubbing of coextracted Ni(II) with 15 g/L H₂SO₄, the loaded organic containing 30.59 g/L Cu(II) and 4 ppm Ni(II) was stripped with 75 g/L sulfuric acid. A McCabe-Thiele plot shows the requirement of two counter-current stages at an O:A ratio of 1:1 for extraction and two counter-current stages at O:A ratio of 2:1 for the stripping of copper. Results of the present investigation indicate the possibility of the use of saponified Cyanex 272 for the extraction, separation, and recovery of copper and nickel from the actual spent copper bleed streams.

Keywords:

• bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinic acid
• copper(II)
• extraction
• nickel(II)
• saponification
• solvent extraction

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors wish to thank the Director, National Metallurgical Laboratory, for his kind permission to publish this paper.