Energy Optimization for Smart Cities Using IoT

Figures & data

Figure 1. Features of smart city.

Figure 2. Paper organization.

Table 1. Comparison of existing approaches.

Reference	Problem addressed	Research Method used	Technology Used	Target energy area	Output
(Mary et al. 2018)	Energy optimization	Idea is proposed	Sensors and controller	SLS	Reduced power consumption
(Abbas et al. 2020)	Energy management	Simulation	Deep extreme learning machine	Power plant electrical energy	Energy sustainability for IoT based smart cities
(Sundhari et al. 2020)	Energy optimization	Experiment	Hybridized IoT assisted hierarchical computation strategic making approach and Dynamic stochastic optimization technique	WSN for smart city	Reduced maintenance costs, lower energy consumption, lower environmental effect
(Carli et al. 2015)	Energy efficiency	Case study	Multi-objective optimization technique	Public building in smart city	Improving energy efficiency
(Shahzad et al. 2016)	Energy efficiency	Experiment	Traffic Adaptive Control method	SLS	Energy saving
(Prasad and Ruchika 2020)	Energy efficiency	Case study	LED lamps and controllers	SLS	Energy saving

Figure 3. The proposed green energy model.

Figure 4. Troubleshooting process.

Table

Algorithm of proposed model
PS = power source, S1, S2, ….Sn are street lights, SM = smart schedule, RTC = real time control, CS = communication source, P1, p2, ….,Pn are smart parking, AP = Application program, CM = Control management, CC = Cloud, b1, b2, ….bn are billboards mounted on the roads, B1, B2, ….Bn are billboards mounted on the building, ${\hslash }_{1,}{\hslash }_{2,}{\hslash }_{3,}\dots \dots {\hslash }_n$ are smart appliances in a smart home, MF = malfunction
Begin Check Street-Light-functioning () If (S1,S2,….Sn = true) then Go to step 7 Check connectivity (S1,S2,….Sn with PS) = yes? Next:Go to step 23 Check connectivity (S1,S2,….Sn with SM) = yes ?Next: Go to step 23 Check connectivity (S1,S2,….Sn with RTC) = yes? Next: Go to step 23 Check Billboards-functioning() If ((B1, B2, ….Bn = true) && (b1, b2, ….bn = true)) then Go to step 12 Check connectivity ((B1, B2, ….Bn with PS) &&(b1, b2, ….bn with PS)) = yes? Next:Go to step 23 Check connectivity ((B1, B2, ….Bn with SM) &&(b1, b2, ….bn with SM)) = yes ?Next: Go to step 23 Check connectivity ((B1, B2, ….Bn with RTC) && (b1, b2, ….bn with RTC)) = yes? Next: Go to step 23 Check Smart-parking-functioning() If(P1, p2, ….,Pn = true) then Go to step 17 Check connectivity (P1, p2, ….,Pn with PS) = yes? Next:Go to step 23 Check connectivity (P1, p2, ….,Pn with SM) = yes? Next:Go to step 23 Check connectivity (P1, p2, ….,Pn with RTC) = yes? Next:Go to step 23 Check Smart-home-functioning() If (s1, s2, … …, sn = true) Then Go to step 22 Check connectivity (${\mathrm{\hslash }}_{\mathbf{1}\mathbf{,}}{\mathrm{\hslash }}_{\mathbf{2}\mathbf{,}}{\mathrm{\hslash }}_{\mathbf{3}\mathbf{,}}\dots \dots {\mathrm{\hslash }}_{\mathbf{n}}$ with PS) yes? Next:Go to step 23 Check connectivity (${\mathrm{\hslash }}_{\mathbf{1}\mathbf{,}}{\mathrm{\hslash }}_{\mathbf{2}\mathbf{,}}{\mathrm{\hslash }}_{\mathbf{3}\mathbf{,}}\dots \dots {\mathrm{\hslash }}_{\mathbf{n}}$ with SM) yes? Next:Go to step 23 Check connectivity (${\mathrm{\hslash }}_{\mathbf{1}\mathbf{,}}{\mathrm{\hslash }}_{\mathbf{2}\mathbf{,}}{\mathrm{\hslash }}_{\mathbf{3}\mathbf{,}}\dots \dots {\mathrm{\hslash }}_{\mathbf{n}}$ with RTC) yes? Next:Go to step 23 Go to End Contact-management(MF ID, Device name) CM will call Getinfo (MF ID, Device name) from CC through CS CM will Receiveinfo(MF details, Device name) CM will execute Address-Complaint(MF details, Device name) End

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Sundhari, R. P. M., and K. Jaikumar. 2020. IoT assisted Hierarchical Computation Strategic Making (HCSM) and Dynamic Stochastic Optimization Technique (DSOT) for energy optimization in wireless sensor networks for smart city monitoring. Computer Communications 150:226–34. doi:10.1016/j.comcom.2019.11.032.

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