Acceptance of Artificial Intelligence Application in the Post-Covid Era and Its Impact on Faculty Members’ Occupational Well-being and Teaching Self Efficacy: A Path Analysis Using the UTAUT 2 Model

Figures & data

Figure 1. Research model.

Table 1. Confirmatory factor analysis results (λ, CA, CR, AVE, S and K).

Model	Construct	SFL	CA	CR	AVE	Skewness	Kurtosis
constructs	items	(λ > 0.6)	(α ≥ 0.7)	(Crel > 0.6)	(AVE > 0.6)	S < j2j	K < j4j
PE	PE1	0.728	0.822	0.825	0.705	1.720	3.554
	PE2	0.660				1.044	2.314
	PE3	0.720				1.978	1.885
EE	EE1	0.777	0.781	0.819	0.623	1.040	3.213
	EE2	0.820				0.832	1.928
	EE3	0.679				1.452	1.811
SI	SI1	0.744	0.819	0.855	0.638	1.119	2.544
	SI2	0.840				1.311	3.002
	SI3	0.660				0.890	2.797
FC	FC1	0.780	0.921	0.929	0.640	0.930	3.229
	FC2	0.813				1.442	1.948
	FC3	0.850				1.205	2.228
HM	HM1	0.820				0.832	1.928
	HM2	0.833				0.937	1.799
	HM3	0.659				1.035	2.331
HA	HA1	0.740	0.943	0.939	0.640	0.996	1.977
	HA2	0.744	0.819	0.855	0.638	1.119	2.544
	HA3	0.671				1.115	2.471
PV	PV1	0.825	0.769	0.795	0.639	1.519	2.551
	PV2	0.861				0.974	1.856
	PV3	0.773				1.337	2.441
OWB	OWB1	0.705	0.823	0.831	0.644	1.217	2.736
	OWB2	0.819				1.335	1.394
	OWB3	0.729				1.715	2.188
	OWB4	0.849				1.317	3.035
	OWB5	0.679				1.452	1.811
	OWB6	0.850				1.205	2.228
TSE	TSE1	0.662	0.916	0.925	0.615	0.917	1.628
	TSE2	0.820				0.832	1.928
	TSE3	0.850				1.304	2.007
	TSE4	0.829				0.944	2.099
	TSE5	0.740	0.943	0.939	0.640	0.996	1.977
	TSE	0.849				1.317	3.035

Note(s): SFL= standardized factor loadings; CA= Cronbach’s alpha; CR =composite reliability; AVE = average variance extracted

Table 2. Sources measurement model assessment using model fit indices.

	Absolute fit measures			Incremental fit measures		Parsimonious fit measures
Construct	χ^2/df	GFI	AGFI	NFI	TLI	CFI	RMSEA
PE	1.932	0.943	0.933	0.976	0.970	0.949	0.043
EE	1.739	0.983	0.944	0.975	0.988	0.951	0.043
SI	1.995	0.981	0.948	0.987	0.974	0.960	0.042
FC	1.852	0.977	0.932	0.963	0.977	0.961	0.042
HM	1.774	0.982	0.944	0.971	0.986	0.942	0.044
HA	1.852	0.977	0.932	0.963	0.977	0.961	0.042
PV	1.739	0.983	0.944	0.975	0.988	0.951	0.043
OWB	1.861	0.971	0.947	0.966	0.973	0.951	0.042
TSE	1.937	0.979	0.963	0.979	0.984	0.938	0.044

Table 3. Measurement of discriminant validity.

	CR	AVE	MSV	MaxR (H)	PE	EE	SI	FC	HM	HA	PV	OWB	TSE
PE	0.834	0.777	0.319	0.817	0.827
EE	0.832	0.615	0.308	0.815	0.230	0.790
SI	0.837	0.636	0.189	0.837	0.091	0.188	0.797
FC	0.930	0.649	0.228	0.950	0.390	0.324	0.069	0.790
HM	0.840	0.729	0.313	0.850	0.141	0.280	0.118	0.045	0.860
HA	0.955	0.638	0.298	0.949	0.226	0.077	0.081	0.051	0.077	0.796
PV	0.798	0.639	0.181	0.809	0.210	0.066	0.093	0.108	0.068	0.071	0.799
OWB	0.844	0.644	0.227	0.836	0.344	0.102	0.331	0.091	0.189	0.094	0.831	0.805
TSE	0.929	0.688	0.354	0.961	0.328	0.076	0.276	0.077	0104	0.210	0.091	0.718	0.820

Note(s): CR= composite reliability; AVE = average variance extracted; MSV = maximum shared variance; MaxR (H)= maximum reliability

Figure 2. Structural model results.

Table 4. Test of hypotheses.

Hypotheses	Hypothesised relationships: DV path IV	Unstandardised estimates	SE	Standardised estimateR2
H1a	OWB ← PE	0.319	0.049	411***	0.517
H1b	TSE ← PE	0.321	0.050	0.433***	0.520
H2a	OWB ← EE	0.332	0.047	0.344***	0.529
H2b	TSE ← EE	0.334	0.049	0.362***	0.503
H3a	OWB ← SI	0.320	0.057	0.315***	0.491
H3b	TSE ← SI	0.325	0.048	0.319***	0.501
H4a	OWB ← FC	0.414	0.051	0.323***	0.519
H4b	TSE ← FC	0.389	0.049	0.316***	0.523
H5a	OWB ← HM	0.330	0.050	0.335***	0.520
H5b	TSE ← HM	0.357	0.049	0.341***	0.522
H6a	OWB ← HA	0.301	0.052	0.339***	0.538
H6b	TSE ← HA	0.368	0.053	0.339***	0.516
H7a	OWB ← PV	0.304	0.054	0.344***	0.509
H7b	TSE ← PV	0.309	0.049	0.362***	0.514

Note(s): Significant at ***p < .001; DV = dependent variable; IV = independent variables; SE = standard error; P =significance level; R² = coefficient of determination

Data Availability Statement

Data sharing not applicable. The data are not publicly available due to participants’ privacy.