Japanese Intelligence Saga

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Notes

1 Richard J. Samuels, Securing Japan: Tokyo’s Grand Strategy and the Future of East Asia (Ithaca, NY and London: Cornell University Press, 2007), and Richard J. Samuels, “Rich Nation, Strong Army”: National Security and the Technological Transformation of Japan (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1994). See also, Richard J. Samuels, 3:11: Disaster and Change in Japan (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2013); Richard J. Samuels, Machiavelli’s Children: Leaders and Their Legacies in Italy and Japan (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2003); and Richard J. Samuels, The Business of the Japanese State: Energy Markets in Comparative and Historical Perspective (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1987).

2 Edward J. Drea, MacArthur’s ULTRA: Codebreaking and the War Against Japan, 1942–1945 (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1992); Stephen C. Mercado, The Shadow Warriors of Nakano: A History of the Imperial Japanese Army’s Elite Intelligence School (Washington, DC: Brassey’s, 2002); Richard Deacon, Kempeitai: A History of the Japanese Secret Service (New York: Beaufort Books, 1983).

3 Representative examples include such works as Saadia M. Pekkanen and Paul Kallender-Umezu, In Defense of Japan: From the Market to the Military in Space Policy (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2010); and Paul Kallender and Christopher W. Hughes, “Japan’s Trajectory as a ‘Cyber Power’: From Securitization to Militarization of Cyberspace,” Journal of Strategic Studies, Vol. 40 (2016): 118–145.

4 On the impact of bureaucratic sectionalism or “stovepiping” on the mobilization of science and technology during the war, see, for example, Walter E. Grunden, Secret Weapons & World War II: Japan in the Shadow of Big Science (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2005).

5 Long before the publication of Special Duty, Samuels had already established himself as a master craftsman of history, political science, intelligence studies, and as a leading national security specialist where Japan is concerned.

6 Although perhaps a very minor antiquarian point, General Patton would have bristled at the reference to his “pearl-handled revolvers.” They were ivory.

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Notes on contributors

Walter E. Grunden

Walter E. Grunden is a Professor of History at Bowling Green State University. He serves as a consultant to the Cold War Advisory Committee under the U.S. Department of the Interior. He has appeared on the History Channel, NHK Japan, and CCTV in China. His primary research interest is on the intersection of science and warfare in World War II and the Cold War era. He is the author of the book Secret Weapons and World War II: Japan in the Shadow of Big Science. The author can be contacted at [email protected].