Endothelin-1 Plasma Levels in Hemodialysis Treatment—The Influence of Type 2 Diabetes

Figures & data

Table 1. Clinical and laboratory features of patients with end stage renal disease on hemodialysis (n = 45)

	Patients on hemodialysis treatment
	Total	Diabetes mellitus type 2
		+	–
Patients (n)	45	11	34
Age (years)	62 ± 12	68 ± 10	60 ± 13
Gender (m/f)	24/21	6/5	18/16
Body weight (kg)	62 ± 12	61 ± 12	64 ± 9
Body Mass Index (BMI)	24 ± 10.8	23.9 ± 13.3	24.1 ± 11
Time on dialysis†† (months)	25.7 (2–156)	26.3 (2–68)	25.4 (2–156)
Hypertension (n) (%)	31 (69%)	8 (72%)	23 (68%)
rHuEPO therapy (n)	25	7	18
High flux dialyser (n)	19	5	14
Mean BP (mmHg)	94 ± 11	99 ± 9	92 ± 11
Heart rate (/min)	74 ± 9	77 ± 10	73 ± 8
Ultrafiltration volume (mL)	2214 ± 951	1970 ± 1110	2296 ± 891
Blood volume (%)	89.3 ± 8.2	93.2 ± 9.8	87.9 ± 7.3
Creatinine (µmol/L)	798 ± 160	786 ± 111	801 ± 172
Urea (mmol/L)	29 ± 9	35 ± 9	27 ± 8
Hematocrit (%)	27.1 ± 3.6	25.6 ± 1.3	27.6 ± 3.9
Hemoglobin (g/L)	95 ± 13	90 ± 7	97 ± 14

^*Predialysis values.

^†Total blood volume (BV) at the end of hemodialysis expressed as percentage (%) of pretreatment volume.

^††Values presented as median (min–max).

Table 2. Clinical and laboratory features of hemodialysis patients with hypertension (n = 31)

	Hypertensive patients on hemodialysis treatment
	Total	Diabetes mellitus type 2
		+	–
Patients (n)	31	8	23
Age (years)	62 ± 11	69 ± 6	59.8 ± 12
Gender (m/f)	18/13	5/3	13/10
Body weight (kg)	61 ± 12	62.5 ± 11	60 ± 12
Body Mass Index (BMI)	22.8 ± 9.9	23.9 ± 13	22.3 ± 9.9
Time on dialysis†† (months)	25.4 (2–156)	26.3 (2–68)	24.6 (2–156)
rHuEPO therapy (n)	16	5	11
High flux dialyser (n)	11	3	8
Mean BP (mmHg)	95.5 ± 10	97 ± 11	95 ± 10
Heart rate (/min)	75 ± 10	79 ± 10	73 ± 10
Ultrafiltration volume (mL)	2093 ± 934	2131 ± 1194	2080 ± 854
Blood volume (%)	89.1 ± 8.4	87.4 ± 9.8	93.9 ± 11
Creatinine (µmol/L)	777 ± 165	780 ± 127	774 ± 178
Urea (mmol/L)	28.7 ± 9.7	36.6 ± 9.5	26.5 ± 8.8
Hematocrit (%)	27 ± 2.7	26 ± 1.2	27.4 ± 3
Hemoglobin (g/L)	94.4 ± 10.6	91.4 ± 7	95.4 ± 11.7

^*Predialysis values.

^†Total blood volume (BV) at the end of hemodialysis expressed as percentage (%) of pretreatment volume.

^††Values presented as median (min-max).

Table 3. Time course of plasma endothelin-1 levels (pg/mL) during hemodialysis treatment in patients with end stage renal disease (n = 45)

Time after start of hemodialysis	Endothelin-1 (pg/mL) during hemodialysis
	0 h	1 h	2 h	3 h	4 h
All patients (n = 45)	1.28 ± 0.47	1.42 ± 0.57	1.44 ± 0.60	1.47 ± 0.61	1.44 ± 0.54
Diabetics (n = 11)	1.45 ± 0.26	1.68 ± 0.47	1.71 ± 0.39	1.64 ± 0.32	1.67 ± 0.37
Nondiabetics (n = 34)	1.22 ± 0.51	1.33 ± 0.59	1.35 ± 0.64	1.41 ± 0.67	1.35 ± 0.57

Comparison of diabetics (n = 11) with non-diabetics (n = 34).

^*p < 0.05 on comparison of plasma endothelin-1 values with plasma endothelin-1 values before start of hemodialysis (0 h).

^†p < 0.05 on comparison between diabetics and non-diabetics concerning plasma endothelin-1 values.

Table 4. Time course of plasma endothelin-1 levels (pg/mL) during hemodialysis treatment in hypertensive patients with end stage renal disease (n = 31)

Time after start of hemodialysis	Endothelin-1 (pg/mL) during hemodialysis
	0 h	1 h	2 h	3 h	4 h
All patients (n = 31)	1.30 ± 0.34	1.48 ± 0.46	1.50 ± 0.44	1.54 ± 0.44	1.49 ± 0.43
Diabetics (n = 8)	1.52 ± 0.22	1.82 ± 0.34	1.8 ± 0.25	1.71 ± 0.29	1.81 ± 0.31
Nondiabetics (n = 23)	1.22 ± 0.35	1.35 ± 0.43	1.39 ± 0.44,	1.48 ± 0.47	1.38 ± 0.41

Comparison of diabetics (n = 8) with nondiabetics (n = 23).

^*p < 0.05 on comparison of plasma endothelin-1 values with plasma endothelin-1 values before start of hemodialysis (0 h).

^†p < 0.05 on comparison between diabetics and nondiabetics concerning plasma endothelin-1 values.