Different Risk Factors and Causes for Early Death after Initiating Dialysis in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients

Figures & data

Figure 1. Prevalence of vascular risk factors (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and age).

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the patients and laboratory data

Patients	Without diabetes (n = 14)	With diabetes (n = 28)
Age (yr)	76 + 10	66 + 11
Sex (F:M)	7:7	12:16
Body mass index	23 + 3	24 + 3
Primary renal diseases (n/%)
Diabetic nephropathy	0	23 (82.1%)
Vascular nephropathy	7 (50%)	3 (10.7%)
Glomerulonephritis	6 (42.8%)	1 (3.6%)
Others	1 (7.1.2%)	1 (3.6%)
Laboratory parameters
S-creatinine (mg/dL)	5.8 + 1.6	5.7 + 1.9
Cr clearance   (mL/min/1.73m2)	10.7 + 2.9	12.6 + 3.4
BUN (mg/dL)	85 + 34	82 + 41
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	10.9 + 1.5	10.1 + 1.1
Serum albumin (g/L)	3.6 + 0.6	3.5 + 0.7
C-reactive peptide (mg/L)	0.7 (0.3–1.4)	0.9 (0.3–1.6)

*p < 0.05.

Table 2 Vascular risk factors, prevalence of heart failure, and vascular disease in patients with and without diabetes

Patients	Without diabetes	With diabetes
Vascular risk (x + SD)
Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL)	92 + 12^†	132 + 19
HbA1c (%)	5.6 + 0.3^†	7.4 + 1.3**
Cholesterol (mg/dL)	202 + 34	218 + 46
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	166 + 56	178 + 65
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	135 + 16	136 + 22
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	86 + 9	67 + 9
Prevalence of vascular risk factors (n/%)
Hypertension	11 (78.5%)	23 (82.1%)
Antihypertensive drugs   (n + range)	3 (0–4)	3 (0–4)
ACE inhibitors	7 (50%)	21 (75%)
Hypercholesterolemia	7 (50%)	23 (82,1%)
Statine therapy	4 (28.5%)	18 (64.2%)
Heart failure (n/%)
NYHA stage II-IV	6 (42.8%)	15 (53.5%)
NYHA stage III-IV	2 (14.3%)	12 (42.8%)
Vascular diseases (n/%)
Coronary heart disease	6 (42.8%)	16 (53.5%)
Peripheral vascular disease	2 (14.3%)	11 (39.3%)

*p < 0.05, ^†p < 0.01.

Table 3 Indications for dialysis in the patients with and without diabetes

Patients	Without diabetes	With diabetes
Indications for dialysis (n/%)
Hyperhydration with fluid lung	2 (14.3%)	18 (64.3%)
Uremic symptoms	6 (42.8%)	4 (14.2%)
Catabolism	4 (28.6%)	2 (7.1%)
Planned (Cr clearance < 12 mL/min)	2 (14.3%)	0
Causes of death (n/%)
Heart failure	3 (21.4%)	11 (39.2%)
Myocardial infarction	3 (21.4%)	7 (25%)
Sepsis	2 (14.3%)	5 (17.9%)
Pneumonia	3 (21.4%)	2 (7.1%)
Sudden death	3 (21.4%)	2 (7.1%)
Stroke	0	1 (3.6%)

*p < 0.05.