High Prevalence of Malnutrition and Inflammation in Undialyzed Patients with Chronic Renal Failure in Developing Countries: A Single Center Experience from Eastern India

Figures & data

Table 1 Subjective global assessment (SGA)[18]

Weight Change over Past Two Weeks and Last Six Months
Weight gain, no change, mild wt loss (>0.5 Kgs but <1 Kgs)	1–2
Moderate wt loss (>1 Kgs but <5 %)	3–5
Severe wt loss (>5%)	6–7
Change in Dietary Intake
No change or slight change for a short duration	1–2
Intake borderline and increasing	3–5
Intake borderline or poor and decreasing	6–7
Presence of GI Symptoms
Few intermittent or no symptoms	1–2
Some symptoms for >2 weeks or severe symptoms that is improving	3–5
Symptoms daily or frequently >2 weeks	6–7
Functional State
No impairment in strength/stamina or mild to moderate loss and now improving	1–2
Mild to moderate loss of strength/ stamina in daily activity or severe loss but now improving	3–5
Severe loss of strength/ stamina or bed ridden	6–7
Subcutaneous Loss of Fat
Little or no loss	1–2
Mild-moderate in all areas	3–5
Severe loss in some or most areas	6–7
Muscle Wasting
Little or no loss	1–2
Mild-moderate in all areas	3–5
Severe loss in some or most areas	6–7
Edema
Little or no edema	1–2
Mild-moderate edema	3–5
Severe edema	6–7

Figure 1. SGA score of malnourished and non-malnourished.

Figure 2. Serum albumin level (malnourished vs. non-malnourished.

Table 2 Comparison of nutritional parameters in patients with malnutrition and nonmalnourished chronic renal failure

Parameter	Units	Nonmalnourished (SGA-A)	Malnourished (SGA-B,C)	p (unpaired t-test)
Number		72 (34.6)	131 (65.4)
Sex	M/F	53/19 (74/26)	93/38 (71/29)
Age	Years	49.53 ± 13.47	52.99 ± 12.68	NS
Body mass index	Kg/m^2	24.08 ± 3.85	21.99 ± 3.37	<0.05
Triceps thickness	mm	12.91 ± 3.98	8.7 ± 4.08	<0.05
MAMC	cm	24.65 ± 2.84	22.43 ± 2.74	<0.05
Hemoglobin	gm%	8.74 ± 0.99	8.58 ± 0.99	NS
Total protein	gm/dL	5.74 ± 0.38	5.50 ± 0.40	<0.05
Serum albumin	gm/dL	3.68 ± 0.55	3.18 ± 0.58	<0.05
Serum creatinine	mg/dL	4.00 ± 2.08	5.57 ± 1.64	<0.05
Creatinine clearance	mL/min	25.14 ± 13.31	14.45 ± 9.56	<0.05
Serum ferritin	mg/dL	212.7 ± 124.9	301.2 ± 127.1	NS
C-reactive protein	>0.6 mg/dL	24 (33)	83 (63)	<0.05
S. Iron	mg/dL	67.72 ± 18.95	67.44 ± 20.47	NS
TIBC^†	mg/dL	308.19 ± 68.48	241.7 ± 72.34	<0.05
Serum cholesterol	mg/dL	188.34 ± 35.13	194.9 ± 38.09	NS
Serum HDL	mg/dL	39.01 ± 3.70	38.91 ± 3.44	NS
Serum triglyceride	mg/dL	147.2 ± 13.92	161 ± 19.56	<0.05

*MAMC = mid-arm muscle circumference.

^†TIBC = total iron binding capacity.

Data in parentheses represent percentages.

Table 3 Relationship between eGFR and nutritional status

eGFR (ml/min)	Non-malnourished (n = 72)	Malnourished (n = 132)
0–5	00 (00)	02 (1.5)
5–10	08 (11.1)	47 (35.6)
10–15	15 (20.8)	54 (40.9)
15–30	19 (26.3)	13 (9.84)
30–50	29 (40.2)	15 (11.36)
>50	01 (1.3)	01 (0.7)

eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate.

Data in parentheses represent percentage.

Sacks GS, Dearman K, et al. Use of subjective global assessment to identify nutrition-associated complications and death in geriatric long-term care facility residents. J Am Coll Nutr. 2000; 19(5)570–577

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