The Evaluation Incidence and Risk Factors of Mortality among Patients with End Stage Renal Disease in Southeast Turkey

Figures & data

Figure 1. Distributions of the causes of the mortality between 1996 and 2005. Abbreviations: CVS = cardiovascular causes, CVA = cerebrovascular accidents.

Figure 2. Mortality ratio according to five-year period and in total.

Figure 3. Number of total patients and exitus according to years.

Table 1 Etiological causes of ESRD according to groups and overall

Etiology	Groups
	Group I		Group II		Overall
	n	Ratio (%)	n	Ratio (%)	n	Ratio (%)
DM	40	18.44	312	23.62	352	22.89
HT	32	14.75	202	15.29	234	15.21
CGN	37	17.06	184	13.93	221	14.37
CTIN	12	5.54	119	9.01	131	8.52
CRD	11	5.07	108	8.17	119	7.74
Amiloidosis	11	5.07	86	6.51	97	6.31
VUR	5	2.30	26	1.97	31	2.01
UD	10	4.60	15	1.13	25	1.62
Alport syndrome	3	1.38	22	1.67	25	1.62
Malignancy	3	1.38	12	0.90	15	0.98
Urate nephropaty	3	1.38	9	0.68	12	0.78
MM kidneys	4	1.84	4	0.30	8	0.52
Unknown	46	21.19	222	16.81	268	17.43
Total	217	100.00	1321	100.00	1538	100.00

Abbreviations: DM = diabetes mellitus, CGN = chronic glomerulonephritis, HT = hypertension, CTIN = chronic tubulointerstisiel nephritis, CRD = cystic renal disease, VUR = vesicoureteral reflux, MM = multiple myeloma, UD = urologic disease (benign prostatic hyperplasia, stones, bladder tumor, etc.).

Table 2 Comorbid conditions at admission time

Comorbidity	Number of patients (n)	Ratio (%)
Infections	52	28.9
Pneumonia	31	17.2
Sepsis	21	11.7
Cardiovascular diseases	46	25.5
Ischemic heart disease	31	17.2
Heart failure	15	8.3
Gastrointestinal disorders	41	22.8
Cirosis/acites/ peritonitis	26	14.4
Bleeding	13	7.2
Pancreatitis	2	1.1
Neuroligical events	26	14.4
Stroke	21	11.7
Intracranial hemorrhagie	5	2.7
Pulmonary disorders	15	8.3
COPD	5	2.7
PTE	4	2.2
ARDS	4	2.2
Tuberculosis	2	1.1
Total	180	100

Abbreviations: COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, PTE = pulmonary thromboemboly, ARDS = acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Table 3 Causes of mortality

Cause	Patients (n)	Ratio (%)
Cardiovascular disorders	99	45.63
Cerebrovascular events	42	19.35
Infections	40	18.43
Respiratory disorders	11	5.07
Gastrointestinal disorders	9	4.15
Malignancy (prostate, lung, gastric lymphomas)	4	1.84
Others (More than one cause)	12	5.53
Total	217	100.00

Table 4 General profiles of all patients

Parameters	Overall
Age (years)	54.7 ± 16.6
Gender (M/F)	781/757
Blood pressure (systolic/diastolic; mmHg)	124.7 ± 31.8/72.8 ± 17.7
Hematocrit (%)	26.1 ± 5.7
Urea (mg/dL)	207.7 ± 71.9
Creatinin (mg/dL)	8.2 ± 4.5
CrCl (mL/min)	6.0 ± 5.4
Urine volume (mL/24h)	709.9 ± 664.1
Glucose (mg/dL)	131.5 ± 61.6
Albumin (g/dL)	3.2 ± 0.7
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	146.8 ± 61.3
Triglyceride (mg/dL)	163.9 ± 110.3
HCO3 (mEq/L)	16.4 ± 5.1
C-RP (mg/dL)	15.4 ± 7.5
iPTH (pg/mL)	350.0 ± 189.9
Ca × P (mg^2/dL^2)	45.0 ± 15.7
LVEF (%)	55.8 ± 9.0
IVSD (mm)	18.0 ± 0.1
LVPWDd (mm)	11.6 ± 1.0
LAD (mm)	39.9 ± 5.0

Table 5 Demographic, hematological, biochemical, and echocardiographical properties of cases according to groups

Parameters	Group I (n = 217)	Group II (n = 1321)	p
Age (years)	66.3 ± 21.8	52.8 ± 21.7	0.045
Gender (M/F)	114/103	667/654	0.002
Blood pressure (systolic/diastolic; mmHg)	145.7 ± 33.5/83.6 ± 15.9	121.2 ± 31.5/71.0 ± 17.9	0.004
Hematocrit (%)	22.5 ± 6.3	26.7 ± 5.6	0.049
Urea (mg/dL)	227.3 ± 66.8	204.5 ± 72.7	0.432
Creatinin (mg/dL)	11.7 ± 5.9	7.6 ± 4.3	0.039
CrCl (mL/min)	5.1 ± 4.5	6.6 ± 5.5	0.147
Urine volume (mL/24h)	355.8 ± 260.5	768.0 ± 730.4	0.001
Glucose (mg/dL)	129.8 ± 44.9	131.7 ± 64.3	0.651
Albumin (g/dL)	2.7 ± 0.5	3.3 ± 0.7	0.047
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	135.9 ± 78.3	148.6 ± 58.5	0.071
Triglyceride (mg/dL)	161.0 ± 90.5	164.4 ± 113.5	0.373
HCO3 (mEq/L)	14.8 ± 5.5	16.6 ± 5.0	0.169
C-RP (mg/dL)	37.6 ± 14.5	11.7 ± 6.3	0.042
iPTH (pg/mL)	355.8 ± 125.6	349.0 ± 200.4	0.078
Ca × P (mg^2/dL^2)	59.9 ± 21.7	42.5 ± 14.7	0.048
LVEF (%)	49.8 ± 11.3	56.7 ± 8.6	0.054
IVSD (mm)	2.15 ± 1.3	1.74 ± 0.9	0.037
LVPWDd (mm)	1.79 ± 0.26	1.06 ± 0.74	0.031
LAD (mm)	4.23 ± 0.41	3.95 ± 0.28	0.035