Renal Structure and Function Evaluation of Rats from Dams That Received Increased Sodium Intake during Pregnancy and Lactation Submitted or not to 5/6 Nephrectomy

Figures & data

Table 1 Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and 24-hour urine volume (V) at the beginning and end of pregnancy of dams submitted to normal sodium intake (control) or increased sodium intake (saline)

	SBP (mmHg)		V (mL/24h)
Groups	Beginning	End	Beginning	End
Control (n = 8)	132.3 ± 4.1	121.2 ± 2.5	11.58 ± 0.91	13.05 ± 1.70
Saline (n = 10)	135.5 ± 5.2	127.7 ± 1.96	28.00 ± 1.77	30.25 ± 3.30

Data are expressed as mean ± SEM.

*p < 0.05 vs. control of the same age.

Table 2 Systolic blood pressure (SBP) of thirty- and sixty-day-old rat pups from dams submitted to high-sodium intake (saline group) and same-age control rats before surgery

Day	Control	Saline
30	111.4 ± 5.87 (n = 12)	130.4 ± 6.69 (n = 7)
60	114.4 ± 3.21 (n = 14)	131.10 ± 3.04 (n = 19)^†

Data are expressed as mean ± SEM.

*p < 0.05 and ^†p < 0.01 vs. the same age control rats.

Table 3 Sytolic blood pressure (SBP, mmHg) of rats subjected to 5/6 nephrectomy (NE) or a sham operation (S), born from dams submitted to high (SS, NES) or normal (S, NE) sodium intake, 30, 60 and 90 days after the operation

	Days
Groups	30	60	90
S	114.80 ± 5.64 (n = 6)	120.80 ± 4.63 (n = 5)	124.50 ± 4.44 (n = 5)
SS	128.20 ± 3.44 (n = 10)	130.60 ± 4.13 (n = 8)	133.50 ± 1.76 (n = 11)
NE	174.70 ± 6.25 (n = 7)^†	176.30 ± 8.67 (n = 9)	182.40 ± 12.17 (n = 8)
NES	157.30 ± 18.29 (n = 5)	160.20 ± 5.48 (n = 14)	189.10 ± 22.62 (n = 6)^‡

Data are expressed as mean ± SEM.

*p < 0.01 and ^†p < 0.001 vs. S; ^‡p < 0.001 vs. SS.

Table 4 Glomerular filtration rate (GFR, ml/min/100 g) and albumin urinary excretion (albuminuria, mg/24 h) of rats from dams submitted to high-sodium intake (SS, NES) and same-age controls (S) at 120 days after nephrectomy (NE, NES) or to sham operation (S, SS)

Groups	GFR	Albuminuria
S	0.44 ± 0.04 (n = 6)	0.67 (0.25;0.72; n = 9)
SS	0.52 ± 0.03 (n = 8)	0.82 (0.44;1.12; n = 8)
NE	0.15 ± 0.04 (n = 11)	126.00 (94.50;163.20; n = 9)
NES	0.15 ± 0.03 (n = 13)^‡	98.18 (39.17;158.70; n = 12)^†

Data of GFR are expressed as mean ± SEM; data of albuminuria are expressed as median and percentiles (25; 75).

*p < 0.001 vs. S,^†p < 0.01 and ^‡p < 0.001 vs. SS.

Figure 1. Masson's trichrome stained histological sections of renal cortex of rats from dams submitted to high-sodium intake (B and D) and of the same age control rats (A and C) at 120 days after nephrectomy (C and D) or a sham operation (A and B), × 280.

Table 5 Glomerulosclerosis (GS) and tubulointerstitial lesions (TIL) scores of rats from dams submitted to high-sodium intake (SS and NES) and of the same age controls rats (S) at 120 days after nephrectomy (NE) or sham operation (S)

Groups	GS scores	TIL scores
S (n = 10)	0.00 (0.00; 0.05)	0.00 (0.00; 0.00)
SS (n = 13)	0.06 (0.04; 0.07)	1.00 (0.50; 1.00)
NE (n = 11)	0.29 (0.18; 0.75)	2.00 (1.00; 3.00)*
NES (n = 13)	0.67 (0.34; 0.89)^†	3.00 (1.00; 3.00)^†

Data are expressed as median and percentiles (25; 75).

*p < 0.001 vs. S and ^†p < 0.001 vs. SS.

Figure 2. Immunolocalization of ED1 (macrophages/monocytes) in renal cortex of rats from dams submitted to high-sodium intake (B and D) and of the same age control rats (A and C) at 120 days after nephrectomy (C and D) or a sham operation (A and B), × 280.

Table 6 Number of ED1-positive cells per glomerulus or per area of renal cortical tubulointerstitium, measuring 0.245 mm² each, of rats from dams submitted to high-sodium intake (SS and NES) and of the same age controls rats (S) at 120 days after nephrectomy (NE) or sham operation (S)

Groups	Glomerulus	Tubulointerstitium
S (n = 7)	0.43 ± 0.03	3.29 ± 0.21
SS (n = 7)	0.74 ± 0.09	5.86^† ± 0.56
NE (n = 7)	1.70^† ± 0.30	16.72^‡ ± 1.51
NES (n = 7)	1.05^§ ± 0.10	11.33^§,^|| ± 1.13

Data are expressed as mean ± SEM.

*p < 0.05, ^†p < 0.01 vs. S, ^‡p < 0.05 vs. SS, ^§p < 0.01 vs. SS, and ^||p < 0.05 vs. NE.