HIV/AIDS-related hyponatremia: an old but still serious problem

Figures & data

Figure 1. The main causes of hyponatremia in HIV/AIDS patients.

Table 1. Treatment and the effectiveness of treatment of various diseases in HIV/AIDS patients.

Disease	Treatment	Effectiveness
SIADH and CSWS	0.9% or 3% Sodium chloride, ≥0.5 mmol/l/h Mineralocorticoid	Safe and effective treatment
Adrenal insufficiency and hypopituitarism	Hydrocortisone (30–60 mg per day, beginning 1–5 days after admission)	Serum sodium usually returns to normal within 3–5 days
Thyroid insufficiency	Levothyroxine	TSH levels return to normal in 6–8 weeks
Diarrhea and vomiting	Probiotic bacteria	Provide specific benefits in HIV-1 infection