Association between MPO-463G > A polymorphism and chronic kidney disease: a meta-analysis

Figures & data

Figure 1. Flow Chart of study selection.

Table 1. Characteristics of studies included in the meta-analysis.

NO.	Study ID	Year	Country or Area	Ethnicity	Control Type	Genotyping Method	Case			Control			P for HWE*	Quality
	MPO -463G > A						AA	AG	GG	AA	AG	GG
1	Buraczynska K [17]	2004	Poland	Caucasian	PB*	PCR-RFLP	5	28	62	4*	37	74	0.812	8
1.1	Diabetic nephropathy						4	6	27	4	37	74
1.2	Other renal diseases						1	22	35	4	37	74
2	Bouali H [18]	2007	USA	Caucasian and African American	PB	PCR-RFLP	4	22	16	9	101	167	0.178	8
2.1	Caucasian						1	2	4	4	69	130	0.132
2.2	African American						3	20	12	5	32	37	0.583
3	Doi K [19]	2007	Japan	Asian	PB	Fluorescent CE-SSCP analysis	3	102	326	3	83	404	0.569	8
3.1	Diabetic nephropathy						1	37	97	3	83	404
3.2	Other renal diseases						2	65	229	3	83	404
3.2.1	Chronic glomerulonephritis						1	56	167	3	83	404
3.2.2	Hypertensive nephrosclerosis						1	9	62	3	83	404
4	Debadwar S [20]	2016	India	Indian	NA*	PCR-RFLP	1	12	37	1	13	36	0.890	6

*HWE: Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium; PB: population-based; NA: not available.

*Control group shared with other studies were marked as italics.

Table 2. Characteristics of cases and controls.

Study ID	Case	Control
Buraczynska K [17]	37 ESRD* patients from diabetic nephropathy treated with peritoneal dialysis (33 of 37 have hypertension); 58 ESRD patients from other primary renal diseases treated with dialysis (49 of 58 have hypertension).	115 Healthy individuals (mainly blood donors and hospital employees) with normal blood urea level, serum creatinine, and blood pressure.
Bouali H [18]	7 Caucasian SLE* patients with lupus nephritis; 35 African American SLE patients with lupus nephritis. All patients were biopsy-confirmed Class III or IV lupus nephritis	Matched controls (203 Caucasian and 74 African American) were randomly selected from state driver's license registries.
Doi K [19]	431 ESRD patients treated with hemodialysis : (224 chronic glomerulonephritis, 135 diabetic nephropathy and 72 hypertensive nephrosclerosis.).	490 Healthy individuals from routine health checkups without urinary abnormality, renal dysfunction, or hyperglycemia.
Debadwar S [20]	50 patients with CKD* (stages 3 to 5).	50 Healthy controls.

*ESRD: end-stage renal disease; SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus; CKD: chronic kidney disease.

Table 3. Summary of pooled ORs in the meta-analysis.

	Number	A vs. G		AA vs. GG		GA vs. GG		GA + AA vs. GG		AA vs. GG + GA
	(cases/controls)	OR^a(95%CI^a)	I^2(%)	OR(95%CI)	I^2(%)	OR(95%CI)	I^2(%)	OR(95%CI)	I^2(%)	OR(95%CI)	I^2(%)
Overall (1*, 2.1, 2.2, 3, 4)	618/932	1.306(1.048-1.626)**	0.0	1.609(0.728–3.555)	0.0	1.339(1.038-1.728)	0.0	1.354(1.056-1.737)	0.0	1.460(0.673-3.170)	0.0
Overall plus (1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 3.2.1, 3.2.2, 4)	618/2027	1.303(1.076-1.577)	0.0	1.588(0.788–3.202)	0.0	1.329(1.066-1.656)	44.4	1.345(1.084-1.669)	27.8	1.484(0.746-2.953)	0.0
DN^a (1.1, 3.1)	172/605	1.358(0.791-2.334)	50.9	2.243(0.675–7.461)	0.0	0.971(0.239-3.948)	85.7	1.179(0.439-3.164)	78.1	2.448(0.752-7.967)	0.0
ORD^a (1.2, 2.1, 2.2, 3.2)	396/882	1.305(1.015-1.679)	0.0	1.382(0.537–3.554)	0.0	1.396(1.041-1.871)	0.0	1.390(1.042-1.853)	0.0	1.175(0.465-2.968)	9.5
ORD plus (1.2, 2.1, 2.2, 3.2.1, 3.2.2)	396/1372	1.287(1.013-1.635)	0.0	1.391(0.559–3.460)	0.0	1.362(1.033-1.797)	15.8	1.359(1.036-1.783)	4.1	1.195(0.487-2.929)	0.0

^aOR: Odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; DN: diabetic nephropathy; ORD: other renal diseases.

*NO of studies included in the meta-analysis.

**Results with statistical significant difference were marked as bold. Unstable results in sensitivity analyses were marked as italic. Less than three studies were included in DN, so that sensitivity analyses could not be performed.

Figure 2. Forest plot with a fixed effects model for the association between chronic kidney disease and MPO -463G > A in allelic comparison (G vs. T). For each study, the estimate of OR and its 95% CI is plotted with a box and a horizontal line. Rhombus: pooled OR and its 95% CI.

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