Prevalence and risk factors of poor sleep quality in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients in Nanchang, Southeast China

Figures & data

Figure 1. Enrollment flow chart of this study. PD: Peritoneal dialysis; PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.

Table 1. Comparison of demographic and laboratory data between good sleepers and poor sleepers.

Variables	All patients N = 456	Good sleepers (PSQI < 5) N = 245	Poor sleepers (PSQI ≧ 5) N = 211	p values
PSQI	5.0 ± 2.9	3.0 ± 0.9	7.4 ± 2.6
Men, n (%)	248 (54.4)	145 (59.2)	103 (48.8)	0.027
Age (year)	49.4 ± 13.3	48.7 ± 13.6	50.1 ± 12.9	0.298
Duration of CAPD (months)	27.5 (13.3 − 55.3)	24.9 (11.9 − 42.1)	33.2 (14.0 − 70.5)	<0.001
CCI score	2.58 ± 0.91	2.58 ± 0.90	2.57 ± 0.93	0.861
BMI	21.6 ± 3.6	21.5 ± 3.7	21.8 ± 3.5	0.411
Diabetes, n (%)	82 (18.0)	41 (16.7)	41 (19.4)	0.455
Hypertension, n (%)	369 (80.9)	198 (80.8)	171 (81.0)	0.951
Total Kt/V	1.73 (1.34 − 2.25)	1.79 (1.39 − 2.24)	1.69 (1.30 − 2.26)	0.530
Total Ccr	55.09 (45.93 − 72.02)	59.89 (47.49 − 75.35)	51.36 (44.06 − 63.61)	<0.001
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m^2)	1.05 (0.00 − 3.12)	1.64 (0.01 − 3.77)	0.45 (0.00 − 2.37)	<0.001
Hemoglobin (g/L)	106 ± 22	108 ± 21	105 ± 23	0.153
Creatinine (μmol/L)	889 (657 − 1138)	876 (644 − 1151)	907 (676 − 1124)	0.718
Uric acid (μmol/L)	396 ± 88	402 ± 94	389 ± 81	0.138
Albumin (g/L)	38.6 (35.2 − 41.8)	39.4 (39.4 − 42.2)	37.8 (34.6 − 40.9)	0.005
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)	4.73 ± 1.04	4.76 ± 1.11	4.69 ± 0.96	0.456
Triglyceride (mmol/L)	1.54 (1.13 − 2.26)	1.57 (1.15 − 2.24)	1.50 (1.12 − 2.33)	0.472
Ca × P product (mg^2/dL^2)	42.5 (34.3 − 53.1)	41.4 (32.7 − 51.7)	44.4 (36.2 − 55.1)	0.014
iPTH (pg/mL)	487 (269 − 881)	504 (276 − 877)	469 (242 − 931)	0.748
C-reactive protein (mg/L)	0.70 (0.30 − 2.00)	0.63 (0.30 − 1.72)	0.79 (0.35 − 2.37)	0.160

BMI: Body mass index; Ca × P product: calcium-phosphorus product; CAPD: Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis; CCI: Charlson comorbidity index; Ccr: Endogenous creatinine clearance rate; eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate; iPTH: Intact parathyroid hormone; PSQI: Pittsburgh sleep quality index.

Table 2. Risk factors related to poor sleep quality in patients undergoing CAPD: univariate logistic and multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Variables	Univariate logistic regression		Multivariate logistic regression
	OR (95% CI)	p value	OR (95% CI)	p value
Male	0.67 (0.45 − 0.95)	0.027	0.78 (0.52 − 1.16)	0.221
Age (year)	1.01 (0.99 − 1.02)	0.289	1.00 (0.99 − 1.02)	0.682
Duration of CAPD (month)	1.02 (1.01 − 1.02)	<0.001	1.01 (1.00 − 1.02)	0.003
CCI score	0.98 (0.80 − 1.20)	0.861
BMI	1.02 (0.97 − 1.08)	0.411
Total Kt/V	0.98 (0.97 − 1.01)	0.786
Total Ccr	0.99 (0.98 − 1.00)	0.002	0.91 (0.79 − 1.06)	0.228
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m^2)	0.89 (0.82 − 0.96)	0.002	2.43 (0.56 − 10.59)	0.238
Hemoglobin (g/L)	0.99 (0.99 − 1.00)	0.153
Albumin (g/L)	0.94 (0.91 − 0.98)	0.004	0.95 (0.91 − 1.00)	0.034
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)	0.93 (0.78 − 1.12)	0.455
Triglyceride (mmol/L)	0.93 (0.78 − 1.12)	0.446
Ca × P product (mg^2/dL^2)	1.02 (1.00 − 1.03)	0.010	1.02 (1.00 − 1.03)	0.046
C-reactive protein (mg/L)	1.04 (0.97 − 1.13)	0.269

BMI: Body mass index; Ca × P product: calcium-phosphorus product; CAPD: Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis; CCI: Charlson comorbidity index; Ccr: Endogenous creatinine clearance rate; eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate.

Data availability statement

Raw data were generated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China. The derived data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, YM, upon request.