Serum sclerostin in vascular calcification in CKD: a meta-analysis

Figures & data

Figure 1. Flow chart of the study selection.

Table 1. Characteristics of the included studies.

Study	Country	Study design	Age (years)	Males (%)	Sclerostin	Enrolled patients	Follow-up time	Anatomical structures	Methods to detect VC
Claes et al. 2013 [11]	Belgium	Cross-sectional	59.7 ± 15	58	0.67 (0.3–0.8) ng/mL	241 ND-CKD	N/A	Coronary artery	Multidetector CT
Viaene et al. 2013 [19]	USA	Prospective	68 ± 13	60	110 (82–151) pmol/L	97 CKD3-4 patients	N/A	Abdominal aortic and common iliac artery, coronary artery, carotid artery	Multislice CT
Drechsler et al. 2014 [22]	Germany	Prospective	63 ± 14	44	1.24 ± 0.57 ng/mL	89 renal transplant recipients	N/A	Inferior epigastric artery	Biopsy and coronary artery CT
Gonçalves et al. 2014 [20]	Brazil	Prospective	42.3 ± 18.8	55	0.88 (0.54–1.55) ng/mL	161 CKD3-5 patients	N/A	Abdominal aortic artery	Abdominal lateral X-ray
Kanbay et al. 2014 [21]	Turkey	Prospective	47.0 (38.0 − 59.0)	86	63.5 (55.3–78.9) pmol/L	125 HD patients	2 years	Aorta	Chest radiography
Morena et al. 2015 [23]	France	Cross-sectional	69.0 (25.0–95.0)	59	0.92 (0.30–3.11) ng/mL	207 HD patients	N/A	Aorta	Lumbar radiography
Qureshi et al. 2015 [13]	Sweden	Cross-sectional	46 (24–62)	63	440 (230–857) pg/mL	268 prevalent RTRs	N/A	Coronary artery and aorta	Multislice CT
Yang et al. 2015 [24]	Taiwan	Prospective	56.9 ± 12.3/61.4 ± 9.9	49	73.1 ± 39.0 pmol/L	154 CKD1-5 patients	N/A	Aorta	Lumber X-ray
Evenepoel et al. 2015 [12]	Belgium	Prospective	53,0 (12,8)	61	0.84 (0.62–1.09) ng/mL	350 HD patients	4.4 years	Arteriovenous fistula	64-detector CT scanner
Jean et al. 2016 [25]	Belgium	Prospective	70.2 ± 14	43	1.9 ± 0.7 ng/mL	396 HD/HDF patients	Median: 2 years	N/A	N/A
Kirkpantur et al. 2016 [26]	Turkey	Prospective	52 ± 10/55 10 57 14	51	1519 ± 1378 pg/mL	673 PD/HD patients	N/A	Arteriovenous fistula	N/A
Wang et al. 2017 [28]	China	Prospective	58.3 ± 13.4	49	1007.62 ± 859.3 pg/mL	91 HD patients	>10 years	N/A	N/A
Lips et al. 2017 [27]	Netherlands	Prospective	64.1 (13.7)	62	139 (100–183) pmol/L	173 CKD3-5 (no dialysis) and 47 control patients	Median: 26 months	N/A	N/A
Jørgensen et al. 2018 [29]	Denmark	Prospective	54 (45–63)	68	N/A	157 late-stage CKD who were kidney transplantation candidates	Median: 3.7 years	Coronary arteries, thoracic aorta, and the aortic and mitral valves	Dual-source CT
Zhao et al. 2020 [30]	China	Cross-sectional	64 (51, 73)	51.4	46.76 pmol/L (IQR 30.18–67.56 pmol/L)	140 patients with stage 3–5 CKD	N/A	Carotid artery	B-mode Doppler ultrasound
Neto et al. 2021 [31]	Portugal	Cross-sectional	65.7 ± 9.8	78.6	2.32 ± 0.43 mg/dL	56 CKD patients (no dialysis)	N/A	Aortic wall calcification	Plain X-ray

Abbreviations: VC: vascular calcification; CKD: chronic kidney disease; HD: hemodialysis; CT: computed tomography; CVEs: cardiovascular events; ELISA: enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; NA: not available.

All studies used ELISA to measure sclerostin.

Figure 2. Forest plots for summarized relationship between sclerostin and VC. (a) pooled ORs for sclerostin ascontinuous values; (b) pooled ORs for sclerostin in categorical analyses.

Figure 3. Forest plots for summarized relationship between sclerostin and cardiovascular events. (a) pooled HRs for sclerostin ascontinuous values; (b) pooled HRs for sclerostin in categorical analyses.

Figure 4. Forest plots for summarized relationship between sclerostin and all-cause mortality.

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Data availability statement

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this article. Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.