Modified creatinine index for predicting prognosis in hemodialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Figures & data

Figure 1. Literature screening process.

Table 1. General characteristics of included studies.!!

Included reference (study)	Region	Study type	Total sample size (males/females, n (n/n))	Age (mean ± SD)	mCI (mg/kg/day) cutoff value	NOS score	JBM score	Outcome measure
Arase et al. [11]	Japan	Cohort study	3027 (1793/1234)	64.32 ± 12.52	–	7	15	①②③
Bataille et al. [8]	France	Cross-sectional study	111 (65/46)	77.71 ± 10.54	–	8	19	⑨⑩
Canaud et al. [16]	European	Retrospective cohort study	23,495 (13,392/10,103)	61 ± 15	20.5	6	15	⑤
Chandler et al. [12]	Australia	Retrospective study	179 (99/80)	60.06 ± 14.95	18.55	8	17	①②④
Ebinç et al. [17]	Turkey	Retrospective, cross-sectional study	169 (85/84)	57.09 ± 16.19	12.18	6	16	⑤⑦
Fujioka et al. [19]	Japan	Retrospective study	183 (98/85)	68.3 ± 12.4	21.1	7	15	⑥⑧
Fukushi et al. [18]	Japan	Retrospective study	284 (198/95)	68.3 ± 11.92	20.6	7	15	⑤⑥⑧
Huang et al. [13]	China	Retrospective cohort study	1269 (642/627)	61.67 ± 11	–	8	19	①②③
Hwang et al. [14]	South Korea	Retrospective study	88 (45/44)	56.9 ± 16.6	–	7	16	③
Kakita et al. [9]	Japan	Cross-sectional study	356 (227/129)	70.49 ± 12.13	20.05	8	15	④⑨⑩
Naito et al. [20]	Japan	Retrospective, observational study	499 (334/165)	65 ± 13.38	21	8	19	⑥⑧
Suzuki et al. [21]	Japan	Retrospective cohort study	472 (297/175)	63.8 ± 13.7	20.3	8	18	④⑥⑦
Suzuki et al. [22]	Japan	Retrospective cohort study	349 (213/136)	67.4 ± 13.1	21.2	7	18	④⑥⑦
Tian et al. [10]	China	Cross-sectional study	346 (213/133)	58.17 ± 13.77	20.32	9	17	⑤⑧⑨⑩
Tsai et al. [15]	China	Cross-sectional study	230 (150/80)	64.0 ± 14.3	–	7	19	①
Yajima and Yajima [23]	Japan	Retrospective study	224 (149/75)	63.3 ± 13.9	20.4	8	18	⑥
Yajima et al. [24]	Japan	Retrospective cohort study	263 (175/88)	63.8 ± 13.7	20.16	6	16	⑥⑦
Yamamoto et al. [25]	Japan	Retrospective study	542 (327/215)	65.3 ± 12.1	20.08	8	16	④⑥⑦

① Association between mCI and albumin; ② association between mCI and BMI; ③ association between mCI and nPCR; ④ association between mCI and the duration of maintenance of dialysis in HD patients; ⑤ difference in the level of mCI between surviving and dead patients; ⑥ association between mCI and risk of all-cause death in patients; ⑦ association between mCI in the continuous model and risk of all-cause death in patients; ⑧ association between mCI and OS in patients; ⑨ sensitivity and specificity of mCI in predicting sarcopenia in male patients; ⑩ sensitivity and specificity of mCI in predicting sarcopenia in female patients.

Figure 2. Forest plot for the association between low and high levels of mCI and the duration of maintenance of dialysis in HD patients.

Figure 3. Forest plot for the association between mCI and BMI.

Figure 4. Forest plot for the association between mCI and albumin.

Figure 5. Forest plot for the association between mCI and nPCR.

Figure 6. Forest plot for the association between mCI and survival/death in HD patients.

Figure 7. Forest plot for the association between mCI and risk of all-cause death in HD patients.

Figure 8. Forest plot for the association between mCI (21 mg/kg day) and risk of all-cause death in HD patients.

Figure 9. Test for publication bias in the association between mCI and risk of all-cause death in HD patients.

Figure 10. Forest plot for the association between mCI and OS in HD patients.

Figure 11. Sensitivity and specificity of mCI in predicting sarcopenia in male HD patients.

Figure 12. Sensitivity and specificity of mCI in predicting sarcopenia in female HD patients.

Figure 13. SROC curve for mCI in predicting sarcopenia in male HD patients.

Figure 14. SROC curve for mCI in predicting sarcopenia in female HD patients.

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Data availability statement

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.