Establishing an animal model for peritoneal catheter malfunction caused by omental wrapping using negative pressure suction: in vitro and in vivo exploration

Figures & data

Figure 1. Comparison of catheter function at different negative pressures in vitro test.

COFV: catheter outflow velocity ****p < 0.0001; ns: p > 0.05.

Table 1. Comparison of catheter function after catheter implantation and omental-wrapped in Beagles.

	Catether implantation (n = 5)	Omental wrapped (n = 5)	t	p-value
Initial outflow velocity (ml/min)	99.6 ± 6.7	32.6 ± 4.6	67.0	0.0001*
Residual dialysate volume (ml)	69.2 ± 16.3	581.0 ± 109.4	−9.6	0.001*

T-tests was used to compare the differences in initial outflow velocity and residual dialysate volume after catheter implantation and Omentum wrapped. *p < 0.05.

Figure 2. Performance of the omental wrapped model in beagles.

a. Complete encapsulation of the peritoneal dialysis catheter by the omentum. b. Green arrow: Omental wrapped the side holes of catheter and entered the lumen. c. Orange box: Omental wrapped the tip of the catheter.

Table 2. Assessment of catheter malfunction in beagle models.

Beagle	Catheter malfunction	The time of malfunction (s)	Post-malfunction outflow velocity (ml/min)	Pressure suction times (n)	Conservative treatment
					Forceful saline flushes	Gastroscope biopsy forceps
#1	1	162	35	1	0	0
#2	1	121	39	1	0	0
#3	1	96	30	1	0	1
#4	1	102	32	1	0	0
#5	1	181	27	1	0	1

A ‘1’ in the catheter malfunction column signifies that the event occurred; A ‘0’ in the Conservative treatment column indicates no change in catheter function; A ‘1’ in the Conservative treatment column indicates partial recovery of catheter function.

Table 3. Catheter functionality and complications assessment 7 days post-modelling.

Beagle	Catheter malfunction	Other complications	Day 0		Day 3		Day 7
			WBC (×10^9/L)	RBC (×10^9/L)	WBC (×10^9/L)	RBC (×10^9/L)	WBC (×10^9/L)	RBC (×10^9/L)
#1	1	0	0.03	0.05	0.01	0.03	0.02	0.03
#2	1	1	0.02	0.03	0.04	0.03	0.08	0.04
#3	1	0	0.01	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.03	0.05
#4	1	0	0.01	0.03	0.03	0.05	0.02	0.06
#5	1	0	0.09	0.04	0.05	0.06	0.06	0.08

WBC: white blood cell; RBC: red blood cell; Collecting dialysate for analysis; A ‘1’ in the catheter malfunction and other complication columns indicates the occurrence of the event, while a ‘0’ in these columns signifies no event. On the 7th day post-surgery, beagle #2 experienced catheter displacement.

Data availability statement

The datasets used and analyzed during the current study available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.