Stakeholder Perceptions of the Environmental Effectiveness of Multi-stakeholder Initiatives: Evidence from the Palm Oil, Soy, Cotton, and Timber Programs

Figures & data

Table 1. Overview of the four sustainability roundtables.

Name	Commodity/sector	Started
Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)	Timber and forest products	1994
Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO)	Palm oil	2004
Round Table on Responsible Soy (RTRS)	Soy	2006
Better Cotton Initiative (BCI)	Cotton products	2004

Table 2. Number of stakeholders interviewed across the four MSIs and seven stakeholder groups.

	Palm oil	Soy	Cotton	Timber
	(RSPO)	(RTRS)	(BCI)	(FSC)	TOTAL/Stakeholder group
Secretariat representative	1	1	1	2	5
Producers/Growers	6	5	2	3	16
Traders	4	2	3	2	11
Manufacturers	3	4	4	4	15
Retailers	3	3	3	3	12
NGOs	5	3	5	5	18
Investors	3	1	0	1	5
TOTAL/Commodity	25	19	18	20

Figure 1. Interviewees’ perceptions of MSIs’ environmental effectiveness in reducing agrochemical use and conserving habitat.

Figure 2. Perceptions of MSIs’ effectiveness in reducing agrochemical use and conserving habitat according to stakeholder group.