Social Impacts of Modern Small-scale Mining: Case Studies from Serbia and Bosnia & Herzegovina

Figures & data

Table 1. Description of four mining case areas.

Description of study case areas
	Olovo	Novo Gorazde	Zajaca	Veliki Majdan
History	Small town in Bosnia known as a traditional mining town from the Middle Ages.	Rural town in Bosnia on the border between Republika Srpska and the Federation.	Rural village in Serbia with continuous mining operations and recent environmental issues.	Rural village in Serbia with mining activities in the past.
No. of permanent residents (1991)	3,311	− (16,273)	721	1,373
No. of permanent residents (2018)	2,586	3,117	561	951
Largest employer	Textiles	Raspberry farming	Mining	Mining
Mining history	Reopened after 20-year break. (Previous mining activities before 1991.)	Previous mining activities before 1991. Antimony was discovered during the 1970s by a construction enterprise.	Continuous mining history. Previous mining activities in 2015. Less than 4 years between mining activities.	Continuous mining history. Less than 5 years between mining activities.
Mineral reserves	Lead	Antimony	Antimony	Lead, zinc
Start of operations by current mining company	Exploration started in 2013. Underground operations started in 2018.	Exploration started in 2014.	Exploration started in 2019.	Start of production in 2011.
Number of employees	200^a	<10	<10	288^a
Description of mine	Small high-grade mineral deposit	Small high-grade mineral deposit	Small high-grade mineral deposit	Small high-grade mineral deposit
Type of mine	Underground	Underground	Underground	Underground

^a According to the public information on the mining company’s website, see www. minecogroup.com.

Figure 1. Location map of Olovo, Novo Gorazde, Zajaca, and Veliki Majdan.