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Society & Natural Resources
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Volume 37, 2024 - Issue 5: Special Issue: What is at stake? The ontological dimension of environmental conflicts
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Research Articles

Níksókowaawák as Axiom: The Indispensability of Comprehensive Relational Animacy in Blackfoot Ways of Knowing, Being, and Doing

Sandra Bartlett Atwooda Environment and Society Department, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA;b Indigenous Studies, School of Arts and Sciences, Lethbridge College, Lethbridge, CanadaCorrespondence[email protected]
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Ninna Piiksii (Chief Bird) Mike Bruised Headc Blackfoot Awaaáhsskata (Grandfather/Elder);d Kainai Board of Education, Blood Reserve, Canada;e Werkland School of Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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Mark W. Brunsona Environment and Society Department, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USAORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6456-3481
ORCID Icon,
Aahsaopi (State of Being) Laverne First Ridere Werkland School of Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada;f Blackfoot Awaaáhsskata (Grandmother/Elder)
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Tim Frandyg Department of Central, Eastern, and Northern European Studies, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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James Maffieh History, Philosophy, and American Studies Departments (Emeritus), University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
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Aakaomo’tsstaki (Many Victories) Michelle Provostd Kainai Board of Education, Blood Reserve, Canada;f Blackfoot Awaaáhsskata (Grandmother/Elder)
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Miiniipokaa (Berry Child) Peter Weasel Moccasinc Blackfoot Awaaáhsskata (Grandfather/Elder);i Kaahsinnoonik (Grandparent/Mentor), Applied Science-Ecosystem Management, Lethbridge College, Lethbridge, Canada
& Itsiipootsikimskai show all
Pages 769-790 | Received 29 Mar 2022, Accepted 28 Jan 2023, Published online: 11 Apr 2023

Figures & data

Figure 1. A Child’s Lodge – Piegan c1926, Blackfoot Tipis, c1926, Kainai Tipi c1927. (Photographs: Edward Curtis. Public Domain.).

Figure 1. A Child’s Lodge – Piegan c1926, Blackfoot Tipis, c1926, Kainai Tipi c1927. (Photographs: Edward Curtis. Public Domain.).

Figure 2. Blackfoot Confederacy Territory – depicting the part of North America now designated as Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Montana, where this knowledge was shared, or transferred. (Print of original artwork by Api’soomaahka [Running Coyote] William Singer III which he painted for Red Crow Community College 1993. Used with permission by the artist.).

Figure 2. Blackfoot Confederacy Territory – depicting the part of North America now designated as Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Montana, where this knowledge was shared, or transferred. (Print of original artwork by Api’soomaahka [Running Coyote] William Singer III which he painted for Red Crow Community College 1993. Used with permission by the artist.).

Figure 3. Where the Belly River and the Old Man River become friends (Google Earth aerial photograph. Open source.).

Figure 3. Where the Belly River and the Old Man River become friends (Google Earth aerial photograph. Open source.).

Table 1. Indigenous collective methods in relation to quantitative and qualitative analytical frameworks  

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