Matching Job Demands and Job Resources as Linear and Non-linear Predictors of Employee Vigor and Sustainable Performance

Figures & data

Figure 1. The conceptual model for the present study.

Table 1. Means, standard deviations, and Pearson zero-order correlations among the study variables (N = 1175).

		M	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16
1	Gender	1.55	0.50	1
2	Age	30.04	5.96	-0.13**	1
3	Marriage	1.73	0.50	-0.03	0.36**	1
4	Supervision	6.60	12.75	-0.06*	0.26**	0.19**	1
5	Working hours	8.34	3.14	-0.05	0.04	0.05	0.00	1
6	Education	5.02	0.60	0.00	-0.03	0.00	0.06*	0.00	1
7	Cogn.Dem	3.91	0.57	0.01	0.03	-0.02	0.10**	0.07*	0.06	1
8	Emo.Dem	3.41	0.73	0.05	-0.06*	-0.06*	0.06*	0.01	0.03	0.42**	1
9	Phy.Dem	2.16	0.67	-0.14**	0.05	0.06*	0.06*	0.09**	-0.17**	0.14**	0.14**	1
10	Cogn.Res	3.64	0.61	-0.08**	0.10**	0.16**	0.18**	0.05	0.06	-0.01	-0.17**	-0.10**	1
11	Emo.Res	3.47	0.68	-0.03	0.14**	0.19**	0.11**	0.06*	0.05	0.00	-0.25**	-0.07*	0.46**	1
12	Phy.Res	3.56	0.70	-0.03	0.03	0.11**	0.10**	0.02	0.05	0.02	-0.12**	0.03	0.42**	0.34**	1
13	Cogn.L	4.87	0.98	-0.10**	0.13**	0.20**	0.21**	0.04	0.11**	0.20**	-0.05	-0.05	0.46**	0.48**	0.29**	1
14	Emo.E	5.22	0.82	0.03	0.14**	0.19**	0.20**	0.10**	0.13**	0.17**	0.01	-0.06*	0.40**	0.50**	0.35**	0.60**	1
15	Phys.S	5.00	0.97	-0.06*	0.15**	0.23**	0.18**	0.06*	0.04	0.09**	-0.17**	-0.05	0.46**	0.52**	0.34**	0.62**	0.60**	1
16	SuPer	3.92	0.45	-0.08**	0.21**	0.20**	0.23**	0.10**	0.06*	0.17**	-0.09**	-0.05	0.48**	0.49**	0.34**	0.64**	0.55**	0.58**	1

Cogn. = cognitive; Emo. = emotional; Phys. = physical; Dem. = demands; Res. = resources; L = liveliness; E = Energy; S = Strength; SuPer = Sustainable performance. * p < .05; ** p < .01 (two-tail).

Figure 2a. Emotional demands and emotional resources with cognitive liveliness.

Figure 2b. Cognitive job demands² (zscore).

Figure 3a. Emotional demands and emotional resources with emotional energy.

Figure 4a. Physical demands and physical resources with emotional energy.

Figure 4b. Physical job demands² (zscore).

Figure 3b. Emotional job demands² (zscore).

Table 2. Hierarchical regression models of employee vigor and sustainable performance (N = 1175).

Source	Dependent Variable
	Cognitive Liveliness (Multiplicative)		Cognitive Liveliness (Curvilinear)		Emotional Energy (Multiplicative)		Emotional Energy (Curvilinear)		Physical Strength (Additive)		Sustainable Performance (Additive)
	B	SE	B	SE	B	SE	B	SE	B	SE	B	SE
Control Variables
Gender	–0.15**	0.05	–0.16***	0.05	0.09*	0.04	0.08*	0.04	-0.05	0.05	–0.03	0.02
Age	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.01***	0.00
Marriage	0.18***	0.05	0.17***	0.05	0.11**	0.04	0.11*	0.04	0.20***	0.05	0.04	0.02
Supervision	0.01***	0.00	0.01***	0.00	0.01***	0.00	0.00***	0.00	0.01*	0.00	0.00***	0.00
Working hours	0.00	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.02**	0.01	0.01**	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01*	0.00
Education	0.08*	0.04	0.09*	0.04	0.09**	0.03	0.10***	0.03	-0.01	0.04	0.01	0.02
Demands and Resources
Cognitive demands	0.20***	0.03	0.21***	0.03	0.10***	0.02	0.10***	0.02	0.12***	0.03	0.08***	0.01
Emotional demands	0.02	0.03	0.01	0.03	0.09***	0.02	0.08***	0.02	–0.07**	0.03	–0.01	0.01
Physical demands	–0.04	0.02	–0.04	0.02	–0.04	0.02	-0.06**	0.02	–0.03	0.02	–0.02*	0.01
Cognitive resources	0.25***	0.03	0.24***	0.03	0.12***	0.02	0.12***	0.02	0.20***	0.03	0.11***	0.01
Emotional resources	0.31***	0.03	0.30***	0.03	0.31***	0.02	0.30***	0.02	0.33***	0.03	0.13***	0.01
Physical resources	0.04	0.03	0.07*	0.03	0.10***	0.02	0.13***	0.02	0.10***	0.03	0.05***	0.01
Multiplicative
Cogn. demands × cog. resources	–0.02	0.02			–0.03	0.02
Emo. demands × emo. resources	–0.05**	0.02			-0.05**	0.02
Phys. demands × phys. resources	–0.02	0.02			–0.04*	0.02
Curvilinear
Cognitive. demands^2			0.04*	0.02			0.01	0.01
Emotional. demands^2			0.03	0.02			0.03*	0.01
Physical. demands^2			0.00	0.02			0.04**	0.01
Cognitive. resources^2			0.01	0.02			0.01	0.02
Emotional. resources^2			–0.01	0.02			0.00	0.02
Physical. resources^2			0.01	0.02			0.00	0.00
Model fit	R^2 = 0.38 ΔR^2 = 0.01 F(15,1159) = 46.69*** F−inc = 3.79**		R^2 = 0.38 ΔR^2 = 0.01 F(18,1156) = 38.92*** F−inc = 2.10*		R^2 = 0.38 ΔR^2 = 0.01 F(15,1159) = 46.53*** F−inc = 7.39***		R^2 = 0.38 ΔR^2 = 0.01 F(18,1156) = 38.53*** F−inc = 3.40**		R^2 = 0.38 F(12,1162) = 58.82***		R^2 = 0.39 F(12,1162) = 62.40***

Cogn. = cognitive; Emo. = emotional; Phys. = physical. * p < .05; ** p < .01 (two-tailed).