Post-Deployment Readjustment Inventory: Reliability, Validity, and Gender Differences

Figures & data

TABLE 1 Frequencies, Means, Standard Deviations of Demographic Data

	Means (SD)
	Total	Males	Females
Age	31.4 (8.72)	31.7 (8.61)	30.0 (9.30)
Length of deployment	12.1 (4.64)	12.0 (4.51)	12.6 (5.34)
	Yes	Yes	Yes
% Witnessed	63.7	77.2	43.8
% Injured	53.5	56.3	37.5
% MST	16.3	13.1	34.4
% Substance use	74.3	77.0	65.6

TABLE 2 Means and Standard Deviations of the PDRI and Symptoms Scales

	Number Items	Mean (SD)
		Total	Males	Females
Global scale	36	103 (38.4)	100 (39.0)	97.1 (34.8)
Career Challenges	5	11.8 (5.49)	11.8 (5.49)	11.5 (5.59)
Health Concerns	5	12.9 (6.08)	13.1 (6.12)	11.7 (5.81)
Intimate Relationship	5	11.3 (5.50)	11.3 (5.56)	11.3 (5.23)
Social Difficulties	7	19.1 (8.01)	19.1 (8.01)	19.0 (8.11)
Concerns About Iraq	6	15.2 (6.14)	15.3 (6.31)	14.7 (5.11)
PTSD symptoms	8	22.4 (9.13)	22.6 (9.19)	21.3 (8.83)
PCL-M	17	43.3 (20.2)	44.1 (20.4)	38.6 (18.8)
BSI	18	35.8 (17.53)	36.5 (17.9)	31.6 (14.6)

TABLE 3 Post-Deployment Readjustment Inventory

Not at all	Slightly	Somewhat	Considerably	Extremely
1	2	3	4	5
Scoring is the sum of the following items: Career = 1, 6, 13, 23, 34; Health = 2, 8, 11, 14, 30; Intimate relationship = 5, 15, 17, 31, 35; Social readjustment = 3, 7, 19, 22, 25, 27, 33; Concerns about deployment = 9, 12, 16, 28, 36, 26; PTSD symptoms = 4, 10, 18, 20, 21, 24, 29, 32; Total score = sum of all scales
Please rate how true each of the following is since your return from deployment by writing the number that corresponds to the scale above.
—	1. Feeling pressure to work	—	19. I've changed or others have changed
—	2. Having chronic pain	—	20. Feeling tired and worn out
—	3. Feeling pressure to be “back to normal”	—	21. Being easily irritated with others
—	4. Feeling tense, jittery, or anxious	—	22. Something was kept secret while I was away
—	5. Difficulty returning to my role in my family	—	23. Having difficulty finding a job
—	6. Feeling unmotivated to work	—	24. Having frequent thoughts about deployment
—	7. Not fitting in socially	—	25. Others don't understand what I went through
—	8. Having health problems	—	26. Feeling useless since returning from deployment
—	9. Worried about others who are still deployed	—	27. Feeling alienated or alone
—	10. Avoiding social situations or crowded places	—	28. My life is on hold (could be redeployed)
—	11. My body not functioning like it used to	—	29. Having difficulty completing tasks
—	12. Mourning the death of fellow service members	—	30. Having lots of medical appointments
—	13. Wanting to work but not being able to	—	31. My partner/family does not understand me
—	14. Feeling like I am deteriorating	—	32. Having nightmares or difficulty sleeping
—	15. Not wanting to be touched or hugged	—	33. Not wanting to talk about my experiences
—	16. Missing structure and focus of being deployed	—	34. Not knowing what to do next
—	17. Having demands from my partner or family	—	35. Wanting to avoid intimate time with others
—	18. Having difficulty concentrating	—	36. Everything seems trivial since deployment

TABLE 4 Correlations Between PDRI Readjustment Scales

	Global	Career	Health	Intimacy	Social	Concerns	PTSD
Global	—
Career Challenges	.88*	—
Health Concerns	.84*	.68*	—
Intimacy	.91*	.76*	.73*	—
Social	.94*	.82*	.75*	.85*	—
Concerns Iraq	.91*	.77*	.68*	.77*	.84*	—
PTSD	.95*	.81*	.78*	.85*	.88*	.84*	—

TABLE 5 Correlations Between PDRI Readjustment Scales, Symptoms, and War Events

	PCL-M	BSI	SA	MST	Injured	Witnessing
Global	.90**	.85**	.35**	.26**	.40**	.23**
Career Challenges	.75**	.76**	.30**	.20*	.26**	.10
Health Concerns	.74**	.73**	.33**	.14	.48**	.29**
Intimacy	.82**	.77**	.31**	.29**	.29**	.20*
Social	.85**	.77**	.32**	.29**	.35**	.19*
Concerns Iraq	.81**	.75**	.30**	.16	.37**	.24**
PTSD	.90**	.82**	.34**	.24**	.37**	.21*
PCL-M	—	.86**	.32**	.22**	.35**	.24**
BSI		—	.28**	.22**	.32**	.18*
SA			—	.06	.21*	.12

TABLE 6 MANOVA Comparing Readjustment for Those With and Without MST

Yes = 35, No = 180	Yes M/SD	No M/SD	F-test
Wilks' lambda			F(7, 207) = 6.00**
Global	(122.51/32.82)	(95.96/37.96)	F(1, 213) = 14.95**
Career Challenges	(14.31/5.16)	(11.29/5.43)	F(1, 213) = 9.20*
Health Concerns	(14.83/5.94)	(12.53/6.05)	F(1, 213) = 4.24
Intimacy	(14.97/5.18)	(10.94/5.29)	F(1, 213) = 19.76**
Social	(24.40/6.51)	(18.04/7.87)	F(1, 213) = 20.12**
Concerns Iraq	(17.43/5.36)	(14.73/6.20)	F(1, 213) = 5.77
PTSD	(27.31/7.72)	(21.49/9.10)	F(1, 213) = 12.58**

TABLE 7 MANOVA Comparing Symptoms and Readjustment for Those With and Without Being Injured

Yes = 115, No = 100	Yes M/SD	No M/SD	F-test
Wilks' lambda			F(7, 207) = 12.46**
Global	(114.71/36.15)	(83.68/34.05)	F(1, 213) = 41.61**
Career Challenges	(13.13/5.59)	(10.24/4.97)	F(1, 213) = 15.84**
Health Concerns	(15.61/5.60)	(9.80/5.06)	F(1, 213) = 62.98**
Intimacy	(12.82/5.59)	(9.65/4.91)	F(1, 213) = 19.23**
Social	(21.70/7.46)	(16.06/7.57)	F(1, 213) = 30.22**
Concerns Iraq	(17.26/6.17)	(12.77/5.18)	F(1, 213) = 32.86**
PTSD	(25.54/8.48)	(18.87/8.86)	F(1, 213) = 32.78**

TABLE 8 MANOVA Comparing Symptoms and Readjustment for Those With and Without Witnessing Others Injured/Killed

Yes = 137, No = 78	Yes M/SD	No M/SD	F-test
Wilks' lambda			F(7, 207) = 4.60**
Global	(106.91/38.96)	(88.64/34.60)	F(1, 213) = 11.83*
Career Challenges	(12.19/5.60)	(11.08/5.26)	F(1, 213) = 2.05
Health Concerns	(14.25/6.10)	(10.55/5.32)	F(1, 213) = 20.01**
Intimacy	(12.19/5.78)	(9.86/4.66)	F(1, 213) = 9.26*
Social	(20.23/8.07)	(17.06/7.53)	F(1, 213) = 8.01*
Concerns Iraq	(16.28/6.22)	(13.23/5.52)	F(1, 213) = 12.91**
PTSD	(23.87/9.26)	(19.92/8.38)	F (1, 213) = 9.66*

TABLE 9 Correlations Between PDRI Scales and War Stressors Controlling for PTSD as Measured by the PCL-M

	Global	Career	Health	Intimacy	Social	Concerns	PTSD
Global	—
Career	.69**	—
Health	.59**	.28*	—
Intimacy	.68**	.39**	.33**	—
Social	.78**	.52**	.34**	.53**	—
Concerns Iraq	.69**	.42**	.20	.32*	.49**	—
PTSD	.74**	.46**	.38**	.45**	.49**	.45**	—
MST	.16	.11	.00	.22*	.26**	.01	.08
Witnessing	.03	−.11	.11	−.07	.06	.23*	.03
Being Injured	.19*	.07	.42**	.03	.05	.20*	.08