Screening of culture conditions for pathogens of potato dry rot

Figures & data

Table 1. List of the Fusarium spp. used in this study that cause dry rot of potato.

Full botanica description	Pathogenic in addition to dry rot of potato
Fusarium spp. detected in the present study
Fusarium avenaceum (Corda ex Fries) Sacc.	Root rot of pea (Li et al. 2012)
Fusarium culmorum (W.G. Smith) Sacc.	Rot of root or stalk, blight of seedling or ear of wheat (Cook 1980; Pettitt et al. 1996; Scherm et al. 2013)
Fusarium solani var. coeruleum (Sacc.) Booth	Leaf and stalk blight (Gulsoy 1979)
Fusarium sambucinum Fuckel	Potato sprout rot (Wharton et al. 2006)
Fusarium sporotrioides Fuckel	Cereal blight (Semaškienė et al. 2006)
Fusarium trichothecioides Wollenweber	Wheat seed rot (Chehri et al. 2010)
Fusarium spp. cited in references
Fusarium oxysporum Schl	Bean plant yellow (https://profiles.uonbi.ac.ke), gourd wilt (Cumagun et al. 2010)
Fusarium coeruleum (Lib.) Sacc.	Potato wilt, root rot (http://agris.fao.org/agris-search)
Fusarium flocciferum Corda	Maize ear rot (Popovski & Celar 2013)
Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon	Cereal blight (Popiel et al. 2008)
Fusarium redolens Wollenweber	Asparagus rot (Baayen et al. 2000)
Fusarium roseum Link	Wheat foot rot (Cook 1980)
Fusarium semitectum Berk. et Rav	Damping-off of cucurbitaceous plants (Michail et al. 1971)
Fusarium solani (mart.) Sacc.	Sugar beet rot (Moussa & Rizk 2002)
Fusarium solani var. coeruleum (Sacc.) Booth	Leaf browning of Dracaena (http://agris.fao.org/)
Fusarium sambucinum Fuckel	Vegetable light blight (Jelén et al. 1995)
Fusarium sulphureum Schlechlendahl	Maize sheath blight
Fusarium tricinctum (Corda) Sacc.	Gragevine blight, cereal bligth (Abbatecola et al. 2006)

Figure 1. Effects of temperature on growth of potato dry rot pathogens.

Table 2. t-Test for effects of temperature on growth of potato dry rot pathogens.

Fusarium spp.	23–25°C	25–27°C	27–30°C
F. avenaceum	0.184	0.046*	0.075
F. culmorum	0.052	0.252	0.058
F. sambucinum	0.442*	0.014*	0.019*
F. solani var. coeruleum	0.172	0.172	0.019
F. sporotrioides	0.434	0.045*	0.398
F. trichothecioides	0.001**	0.017*	0.413

Note: * and ** show the significance of difference or synergistic interaction at P ≤ 0.05, P ≤ 0.01 respectively, according to t-test.

Figure 2. Effects of pH on growth of potato dry rot pathogens.

Table 3. t-Test for effects of pH on growth of potato dry rot pathogens.

Fusarium spp.	pH 6–6.12	pH 6.12–6.24	pH 6.24–6.36
F. avenaceum	0.371	0.184	0.092
F. culmorum	0.365	0.029*	0.159
F. sambucinum	0.337	0.255	0.100
F. solani var. Coeruleum	0.280	0.156	0.064
F. sporotrioides	0.074	0.420	0.239
F. trichothecioides	0.455	0.326	0.263

Note: * shows the significance of difference or synergistic interaction at P ≤ 0.05 according to t-test.

Figure 3. Effects of carbon sources on growth of potato dry rot pathogens.

Table 4. Effects of carbon sources on growth of potato dry rot pathogens.

Fusarium spp.	Glucose (g L^−1)	Sucrose (g L^−1)
F. avenaceum	5.03 ± 0.153	5.47 ± 0.306
F. culmorum	3.20 ± 1.212	3.53 ± 0.907
F. sambucinum	5.60 ± 0.693	4.90 ± 0.819
F. solani var. Coeruleum	5.70 ± 0.265	5.33 ± 0.208
F. sporotrioides	5.33 ± 0.153	4.56 ± 0.153**
F. trichothecioides	5.23 ± 0.208	4.80 ± 0.100*

Note: * and ** show the significance of difference or synergistic interaction at P ≤ 0.05, P ≤ 0.01 respectively, according to t-test.

Table 5. Effects of light treatment on growth of potato dry rot pathogens.

Fusarium spp.	Illumination (800 µmol m^−2 s^−1)	Dark
F. avenaceum	4.80 ± 0.794	5.27 ± 0.252
F. culmorum	3.30 ± 0.436	3.53 ± 0.907
F. sambucinum	5.50 ± 0.100*	5.37 ± 0.153
F. solani var. Coeruleum	5.33 ± 0.153	5.33 ± 0.115
F. sporotrioides	5.60 ± 0.100*	5.07 ± 0.208
F. trichothecioides	5.33 ± 0.289	5.33 ± 0.058

Note: *shows the significance of difference or synergistic interaction at P ≤ 0.05 according to t-test.

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