Genetic diversity of Cucurbita maxima assessed using morphological characteristics and random-amplified polymorphic DNA markers in China

Figures & data

Table 1. Geographical origin of 44 accessions of C. maxima.

Accession	Geographical origin		Pumpkin taxon
	Location	Country
N1	Shanxi	China	C. maxima
N2	Shanxi	China	C. maxima
N3	Heilongjiang	China	C. maxima
N4	Tokyo	Japan	C. maxima
N5	Tokyo	Japan	C. maxima
N6	Novosibirsk	Russia	C. maxima
N7	Hainan	China	C. maxima
N8	Beijing	China	C. maxima
N9	Tokyo	Japan	C. maxima
N10	Tokyo	Japan	C. maxima
N11	Novosibirsk	Russia	C. maxima
N12	Jilin	China	C. maxima
N13	Hainan	China	C. maxima
N14	Taiwan	China	C. maxima
N15	Taiwan	China	C. maxima
N16	Beijing	China	C. maxima
N17	Anhui	China	C. maxima
N18	Moscow	Russia	C. maxima
N19	Moscow	Russia	C. maxima
N20	Hokkaido	Japan	C. maxima
N21	Shanxi	China	C. maxima
N22	Hainan	China	C. maxima
N23	Hainan	China	C. maxima
N24	Moscow	Russia	C. maxima
N25	Heilongjiang	China	C. maxima
N26	Heilongjiang	China	C. maxima
N27	Hokkaido	Japan	C. maxima
N28	Anhui	China	C. maxima
N29	Hokkaido	Japan	C. maxima
N30	Moscow	Russia	C. maxima
N31	Heilongjiang	China	C. maxima
N32	Hainan	China	C. maxima
N33	Russia	China	C. maxima
N34	Dresden	Germany	C. maxima
N35	Dresden	Germany	C. maxima
N36	Shanxi	China	C. maxima
N37	Heilongjiang	China	C. maxima
N38	Hokkaido	Japan	C. maxima
N39	Heilongjiang	China	C. maxima
N40	Heilongjiang	China	C. maxima
N41	Anhui	China	C. maxima
N42	Anhui	China	C. maxima
N43	Heilongjiang	China	C. maxima
N44	Heilongjiang	China	C. maxima

Table 2. Primers used in RAPD analysis within C. maxima.

Primer	Primer sequence	Primer	Primer sequence	Primer	Primer sequence
S41	ACCGCGAAGG	OPA01	CAGACCTAGG	OPD8	GTGTGCCCCA
S67	GTCCCGACGA	OPA 02	TGCCGAGCTG	OPD20	ACCCGGTCAC
S68	TGGACCGGTG	OPA08	GTGACGTAGG	OPE19	ACGGCGTATG
S160	AACGGTGACC	OPA16	AGCCAGCGAA	OPN04	ACCAGGGGCA
S168	TTTGCCCGGT	OPA20	GTTGCGATCC	OPN09	TGCCGGCTTC
S192	CTGGGTGAGT	OPB06	TGCTCTGCCC	OPN16	AAGCCACCCG
S254	TGGGTCCCTC	OPB20	GGACCCTTAC	OPP06	GTGGGCTGAC
S273	CACACGGAAC	OPC9	CTCACCGTCC	OPP07	GTCCATGCCA
S452	CAGTGCTGTG	OPC18	TGAGTGGGTG
S52	CACCGTATCC	OPD7	TTGGCACGGG

Table 3. Coefficient of variation and diversity index of C. maxima based on morphological characterization.

Characters	Minimum	Maximum	Mean	Std. deviation	CV (%)	I
Fruit length (cm)	10.8	29.5	16.5	3.2	19.2	2.1
Fruit diameter (cm)	7	17.2	11.5	2.6	22.5	2.1
Fruit umbilicus diameter (cm)	0.7	6.0	3.1	1.1	35.8	1.4
Flesh thickness (cm)	1.4	5.1	2.7	0.8	29.7	1.2
Single fruit weight (g)	1.2	10	4.3	1.7	38.7	1.7
Seed length (cm)	1.3	2.4	1.7	0.2	11.6	0.2
Seed width (cm)	0.7	1.3	1.1	0.1	12.5	0
Seed thickness (cm)	0.1	0.3	0.18	0.1	12.5	0
Cotyledon color	1	3	2.14	0.9	42.3	1.0
Growth habit	1	2	1.23	0.4	34.5	0.5
Growth vigor	2	3	2.73	0.5	16.5	0.6
Leaf shape	1	4	2.02	1.3	63.5	1.3
White dot of leaf	1	3	2.4	0.7	31.5	1.0
Stem shape	1	2	1.14	0.3	30.5	0.4
Flower shape	1	2	1.5	0.5	33.7	0.7
Flower color	1	2	1.55	0.5	32.6	0.7
Flower size	1	2	1.39	0.7	49.7	0.8
Fruit shape	1	6	1.91	1.3	67.6	1.0
Motley of fresh fruit	1	5	2.95	1.4	47.3	1.5
Surface character of fruit	1	5	1.77	1.3	71.8	1.0
Character of edge furrow	1	3	1.73	0.8	43.9	1.0
Amount of wax	1	4	1.2	0.6	52.4	0.5
Top shape of fruit	1	6	3.03	1.9	63.2	1.4
Navel shape of fruit	1	3	2.0	1.0	48.2	0.9
Transverse shape	1	3	1.55	0.9	56.6	1.0
Peel color of fruit	1	10	3.3	2.6	62.2	1.9
Flesh color of fruit	3	7	4.9	1.5	30.5	1.4
Motley of fruit	1	5	2.48	1.2	47.5	1.3
Motley color of fruit	0	9	4.98	3.1	62.7	1.4
Seed color	1	5	2.57	1.2	43.4	1.4
Average				1.15	40.0	1.05

Notes: CV: coefficient of variance; I: Shannon’s information index.

Figure 1. Dendrogram of 44 accessions of C. maxima based on morphological characterization. The accessions correspond to the designations listed in Table 1.

Figure 2. Diagram showing the relationship among 44 accessions of C. maxima based on morphological characterization. The accessions correspond with the designations listed in Table 1.

Figure 3. Example of polymerase chain (PCR) products within C. maxima using primers (a) S67 and (b) OPN04.

Figure 4. Dendrogram of 44 accessions of C. maxima based on RAPD analysis. The accessions correspond with the designations listed in Table 1.

Figure 5. Associations among 44 accessions of C. maxima based on RAPD analysis. The accessions correspond with the designations listed in Table 1.