Evaluation of hybrid and population cultivars on standard and high-input technology in winter oilseed rape

Figures & data

Table 1. Treatments used in standard (A1) and high-input (A2) technology in winter oilseed rape.

Technology	Characteristic of practice	Agent / Fertiliser (active substance)	Dose (pure substance)
	Autumn
A1 / A2	Pre-sown fertilisation	ammonium nitrate (6%), potassium salt (20%), single and diammonium phosphate (20%)	300 kg/ha (18 kg N + 90 kg K 60 + kg P /ha)
	Herbicide	metazachlor + quinmerac	2.5 l/ha
	Fungicide + growth regulator	mepiquat chloride + metconazole	1.0 l/ha
A2	Foliar application*	ammonium nitrate (7.46%), Mn EDTA (2.44%), Cu EDTA (2.00%), Zn EDTA (2.00%), Fe EDTA (0.35%), Mo (0.54%) + B (17.5%)	1.0 l/ha + 1.0 kg/ha
	Spring
A1 / A2	Top fertilisation	potassium salt (60%)	60 kg/ha (36 kg K /ha)
		magnesium sulfate (25% MgO + 50% SO3)	100 kg/ha (25 kg Mg + 20 kg S /ha)
		ammonium nitrate (34% N)	250 kg/ha (85 kg N /ha)
		ammonium nitrate (34% N)	200 kg/ha (68 kg N /ha)
A2		ammonium nitrate (34% N) *	120 kg/ha (40 kg N /ha)
A2	Foliar application*	ammonium nitrate (7.46%), Mn EDTA (2.44%), Cu EDTA (2.00%), Zn EDTA (2.00%), Fe EDTA (0.35%), Mo (0.54%)  + MgSO4 (5%)	2.0 l/ha + 5.0 kg/ha
		Zn IDHA (0.01%) + Mn IDHA (1.0%) + B (17.5%)	+1.0 l/ha + 1.5 l/ha + 3.5 kg/ha
A2	Bio stimulation*	amino acids	1.0 l/ha + 1.5 l/ha
A1 / A2	Insecticide	thiacloprid + deltamethrin	0.5–0.6 l/ha
		alpha – cypermethrin	0.1 l/ha
		thiacloprid + deltamethrin	0.5–0.6 l/ha
	Fungicide	mepiquat chloride + metconazole	1.0–1.4 l/ha
A2	Growth regulator*	dimoxystrobin + boscalid	0.5 l/ha
A1 / A2	Silique sticker	di-1-P-menten-555	0.6 l/ha
	Desiccation	Glyphosate	4.0 l/ha

*Only at high-input technology.

Table 2. Vegetal characteristic of oil seed rape cultivars depending on standard (A1) and high-input technology (A2). Mean of 2013–2015 and deviation of mean [%].

Technology	Cultivar	Plant density in spring [m ^-2]		Winter hardiness [%]		Plant losses [%]		Crop standing [%]
			[%]		[%]		[%]		[%]
A1	ADRIANA	40.1	0.00	57.2	−10.1	12.9	+18.4	99.0	+2.48
	BELLEVUE	44.0	+9.73	62.9	−1.10	9.2	−15.6	98.1	+1.55
	BOGART	42.4	+5.74	60.6	−4.72	13.9	+27.5	91.1	−5.69
	KADORE	41.8	+4.24	59.8	−5.97	14.2	+30.3	96.8	+0.21
	MONOLIT	43.3	+7.98	61.9	−2.67	14.2	+30.3	94.8	−1.86
	DK EXQUISITE F1	37.4	−6.73	67.2	+5.66	10.6	−2.75	97.1	+0.52
	MÜLLER 24 F1	37.7	−5.99	68.8	+8.18	12.3	+12.8	98.2	+1.66
	NK TECHNIC F1	33.8	−15.7	61.8	−2.83	7.7	−29.4	97.5	+0.93
	POZNANIAK F1	36.8	−8.23	67.4	+5.97	9.4	−13.8	96.5	−0.10
	ROHAN F1	37.6	−6.23	68.1	+7.08	12.5	+14.7	96.5	−0.10
Mean		40.1	–	63.6 Y*	–	10.9	–	96.6	–
A2	ADRIANA	39.8	−4.78	56.9	−13.7	10.0	−5.7	96.6	+0.73
	BELLEVUE	44.0	+5.26	62.8	−4.70	8.2	−22.6	97.4	+1.56
	BOGART	46.0	+9.13	65.7	−0.30	17.1	+61.3	89.3	−6.88
	KADORE	46.6	+11.5	66.5	+0.91	13.9	+31.1	94.3	−1.67
	MONOLIT	42.7	+2.15	61.0	−7.44	8.6	−18.9	93.8	−2.19
	DK EXQUISITE F1	39.0	−8.41	70.4	+6.83	8.4	−20.7	99.2	+3.44
	MÜLLER 24 F1	40.5	−3.11	73.6	+11.7	9.2	−13.2	98.0	+2.19
	NK TECHNIC F1	35.2	−15.8	64.8	−1.67	8.6	−18.9	94.7	−1.25
	POZNANIAK F1	39.0	−8.41	70.0	+6.22	12.5	+17.9	98.0	+2.19
	ROHAN F1	36.6	−12.4	66.9	+1.52	10.4	−1.89	98.5	+2.71
Mean		41.8	–	65.9 X	–	10.6	–	96.0	–
Mean for A1−A2	ADRIANA	39.9 AB	−0.70	57.0 C	−11.8	11.5	+7.48	97.8	+1.56
	BELLEVUE	44.0 A	+9.40	62.8 B	−2.90	8.3	−22.4	97.8	+1.56
	BOGART	44.2 A	+10.0	63.2 B	−2.40	15.6	+45.8	90.2	−6.33
	KADORE	44.2 A	+10.0	63.2 B	−2.40	14.1	+31.8	95.5	−0.83
	MONOLIT	43.0 A	+7.00	61.4 B	−5.10	11.1	+3.74	94.3	−2.08
	DK EXQUISITE F1	38.2 AB	−5.00	68.8 A	+6.30	9.5	−11.2	98.2	+1.97
	MÜLLER 24 F1	39.1 AB	−2.70	71.2 A	+10.1	10.0	−6.54	98.1	+1.87
	NK TECHNIC F1	34.5 C	−14.1	63.3 B	−2.20	8.1	−24.3	96.1	−0.21
	POZNANIAK F1	37.9 B	−5.70	68.7 A	+6.20	10.4	−2.80	97.2	+0.93
	ROHAN F1	37.1 B	−7.70	67.5 A	+4.30	11.5	+7.48	97.5	+1.25
	Overall mean	40.2	–	64.7	–	10.7	–	96.3	–

Explanation:

*The same letters in columns indicate the homogenous group according to HSD Tukey’s test at P = 0.05.

Table 3. Morphological characteristics of oil seed rape cultivars depending on standard (A1) and high-input technology (A2). Mean of 2013–2015 and deviation of mean [%].

Technology	Cultivar	Canopy height [cm]		Branches [plant^−1]		Silique number [plant^−1]		Leaf Area Index
			[%]		[%]		[%]		[%]
A1	ADRIANA	149	0.00	6.7 b*	−5.63	166 c	−23.5	6.47	−2.85
	BELLEVUE	152	+2.01	6.1 b	−14.1	142 d	−34.6	6.67	+0.15
	BOGART	145	−2.68	8.1 a	+14.1	252 ab	+16.1	8.37	+25.7
	KADORE	138	−7.38	6.1 b	−14.1	192 c	−11.5	6.83	+2.55
	MONOLIT	152	+2.01	7.0 ab	−1.41	186 c	−14.3	8.00	+20.1
	DK EXQUISITE F1	152	+2.01	7.2 ab	+1.41	255 ab	+17.5	4.37	−34.4
	MÜLLER 24 F1	149	0.00	7.5 ab	+5.63	249 ab	+14.7	6.50	−2.40
	NK TECHNIC F1	156	+4.70	7.7 ab	+8.45	243 ab	+11.9	3.87	−41.9
	POZNANIAK F1	152	+2.01	8.4 a	+18.3	276 a	+27.2	8.17	+22.7
	ROHAN F1	149	0.00	6.6 b	−7.04	210 bc	−3.23	7.37	+10.7
Mean		149	–	7.1	–	217 Y	-	6.66 Y	–
A2	ADRIANA	147	−2.00	7.2 ab	0.00	175 c	−23.6	7.83	+7.41
	BELLEVUE	150	0.00	6.5 b	−9.72	170 c	−25.8	5.13	−29.6
	BOGART	141	−6.00	8.3 a	+15.3	278 a	+21.4	8.90	+22.1
	KADORE	140	−6.67	6.8 b	−5.56	261 a	+13.9	6.37	−12.6
	MONOLIT	145	−3.33	6.5 b	−9.72	166 c	−27.5	8.47	+16.2
	DK EXQUISITE F1	159	+6.00	7.6 ab	+5.56	248 ab	+8.30	6.83	−6.31
	MÜLLER 24 F1	154	+2.67	6.6 b	−8.33	231 b	+0.87	6.97	−4.39
	NK TECHNIC F1	156	+4.00	7.4 ab	+2.78	267 a	+16.6	6.00	−17.7
	POZNANIAK F1	161	+7.33	7.7 ab	+6.94	268 a	+17.0	8.60	+17.9
	ROHAN F1	152	+1.33	7.3 ab	+1.39	227 b	−0.87	7.77	+6.58
Mean		150	–	7.2	–	229 X	–	7.29 X	–
M4ean for A1−A2	ADRIANA	148 B	−1.33	7.0 B	−2.37	171 C	−23.3	7.15 AB	+2.58
	BELLEVUE	151 AB	+0.67	6.3 C	−12.13	156 C	−30.0	5.90 BC	−15.4
	BOGART	143 BC	−4.67	8.2 A	+14.4	265 A	+18.8	8.63 A	+23.8
	KADORE	139 C	−7.33	6.5 BC	−9.34	227 B	+1.79	6.60 B	−5.31
	MONOLIT	148 B	−1.33	6.8 B	−5.16	176 C	−21.1	8.23 A	+18.1
	DK EXQUISITE F1	155 A	+3.33	7.4 AB	+3.21	251 A	+12.6	5.60 BC	−19.7
	MÜLLER 24 F1	152 AB	+1.33	7.1 B	−0.98	240 AB	+7.62	6.73 B	−3.44
	NK TECHNIC F1	156 A	+4.00	7.6 AB	+6.00	255 A	+14.3	4.93 C	−29.3
	POZNANIAK F1	156 A	+4.00	8.0 A	+11.6	272 A	+21.9	8.38 A	+20.2
	ROHAN F1	151 AB	+0.67	7.0 B	−2.37	219 B	−1.79	7.57 AB	+8.61
	Overall mean	150	–	7.2	–	223.2	–	6.97	–

Explanation:

*The same letters in columns indicate the homogenous group according to HSD Tukey’s test at P = 0.05 small letters for interaction, big letters for main effects.

Table 4. Productivity of oil seed rape cultivars depending on standard (A1) and high-input technology (A2). Mean of 2013–2015 and deviation of mean [%].

Technology	Cultivar	Harvest index^#		Thousand Seed Weight [g]		Seed number [pod^−1]		Yield [dt ha^−1]
			[%]		[%]		[%]		[%]
A1	ADRIANA	0.44 ab*	+4.76	6.14	+6.23	14.7 d	−23.0	51.3 d	−3.39
	BELLEVUE	0.45 a	+7.14	6.06	+4.84	13.9 d	−27.2	56.0 b	+5.46
	BOGART	0.40 b	−4.76	5.43	−6.06	19.9 b	+4.19	53.1 c	0.00
	KADORE	0.45 a	+7.14	5.56	−3.81	14.9 d	−21.9	49.8 d	−6.21
	MONOLIT	0.40 b	−4.76	6.02	+4.15	15.3 d	−19.9	51.0 d	−3.95
	DK EXQUISITE F1	0.46 a	+9.52	5.90	+2.08	25.3 ab	+32.5	56.4 b	+6.21
	MÜLLER 24 F1	0.39 bc	−7.14	5.61	−2.94	21.4 b	+12.0	52.9 cd	−0.38
	NK TECHNIC F1	0.38 bc	−9.52	5.59	−3.29	22.9 b	+19.9	54.5 bc	+2.64
	POZNANIAK F1	0.41 b	−2.38	5.76	−0.35	25.5 ab	+33.5	54.2 bc	+2.07
	ROHAN F1	0.42 b	0.00	5.73	−0.87	19.1 bc	0.00	52.2 cd	−1.69
Mean		0.42	–	5.78 Y	–	19.1 Y	–	53.1 B	–
A2	ADRIANA	0.42 b	−2.33	6.21	+5.61	17.1 c	−22.6	57.0 ab	−2.06
	BELLEVUE	0.47 a	+9.30	6.34	+7.82	19.2 bc	−13.1	60.2 a	+3.44
	BOGART	0.40 b	−6.98	5.71	−2.89	24.0 ab	+8.60	57.9 ab	−0.52
	KADORE	0.39 bc	−9.30	5.79	−1.53	21.9 b	−0.90	57.2 ab	−1.72
	MONOLIT	0.43 ab	0.00	5.95	+1.19	17.2 c	−22.2	56.2 b	−3.44
	DK EXQUISITE F1	0.45 a	+4.65	5.92	+0.68	24.4 ab	+10.4	59.5 a	+2.23
	MÜLLER 24 F1	0.50 a	16.3	5.46	−7.14	19.9 b	−9.95	57.9 ab	−0.52
	NK TECHNIC F1	0.34 c	−20.9	5.64	−4.08	26.6 a	+20.4	58.6 ab	+0.69
	POZNANIAK F1	0.34 c	−20.9	5.85	−0.51	27.4 a	+23.9	59.6 a	+2.41
	ROHAN F1	0.44 ab	+2.33	5.94	+1.02	23.7 ab	+7.24	57.4 ab	−1.37
Mean		0.43	–	5.88 X	–	22.1 X	–	58.2 A	–

Explanation:

*The same letters in columns indicate the homogenous group according to HSD Tukey’s test at P = 0.05; small letters for interaction, big letters for main effects.

^#The harvest index (HI) is the proportion of the dry mass of seeds to the dry matter of the aboveground part of the plant. In the present research, the seed yield and above-ground biomass were measured for the same dry matter content, i.e. 87%, in g per plant.

Table 5. Correlations (r – Pearson’s coefficient) between some characteristics of plant and crop of winter oilseed rape.

Characteristic		Crop loading	Branches	Plant density at harvest	Plant losses	Leaf Area Index	Silique number	Seed number
Winter hardiness	A1^#	0.12	0.29	−0 . 40 *	−0.29	−0.04	0 . 58 *	0 . 64*
	A2	0.32	0.14	−0.26	0.18	−0.04	0 . 62 *	0 . 56 *
	A1/A2	0.20	0.22	−0.23	−0.04	−0.03	0 . 61 *	0 . 63*
Plant density in spring	A1	0.34	−0 . 48 *	0 . 91**	0 . 62*	0 . 57*	−0 . 63*	−0 . 78**
	A2	0 . 56*	−0.13	0 . 89**	0 . 66*	0.34	0.03	−0.39
	A1/A2	0 . 48*	−0.29	0 . 90**	0 . 62*	0.44	−0.24	−0 . 46*
Crop height	A1	0.27	0.35	−0.18	−0 . 75**	0.39	0.22	0 . 42*
	A2	0 . 72**	0.11	−0 . 67*	−0 . 53*	0.13	0.25	0 . 51*
	A1/A2	0 . 55*	0.22	−0.44	−0 . 61*	0.22	0.19	0 . 46*
Crop loading	A1	–	0 . 43*	0.13	0 . 51*	0 . 54*	0.32	0.08
	A2	–	0 . 45*	0.40	0 . 54*	0.34	0.31	0.03
	A1/A2	–	0 . 45*	0.31	0 . 52*	0 . 43*	0.32	0.06
Branches	A1	–	–	−0 . 44*	−0.30	0 . 51*	0 . 85**	0 . 77**
	A2	–	–	−0 . 42*	0.14	0 . 49*	0 . 62*	0 . 68**
	A1/A2	–	–	−0.40*	0.12	0.47*	0.75**	0.70**

Coefficient significant * at P = 0.05, ** at P = 0.01, n = 30.

^#A1 – standard technology, A2 – high-input technology.

Figure 1. Projection of winter rape characteristics on two principle components at standard (A) and high-input (B) technology.

Figure 2. Classification of winter oil seed rape cultivars according to the principle components at standard (A) and high-input (B) technology.