Biotransformation of (−)-epicatechin, (+)-epicatechin, (−)-catechin, and (+)-catechin by intestinal bacteria involved in isoflavone metabolism

Figures & data

Fig. 1. Biotransformation of –EC and +C by isoflavone-metabolizing bacteria.

Notes: ●; control (–EC or +C), metabolite 1S produced from –EC or metabolite 1R from +C by Ad. equolifaciens JCM 14793 (□), As. celatus JCM 14811 (△), S. isoflavoniconvertens JCM 16137 (▲), and S. equolifaciens JCM 16059 (■).

Fig. 2. Biotransformation of –C and +EC by isoflavone-metabolizing bacteria.

Notes: ●; control (–C or +EC), metabolite 1S produced from –C or metabolite 1R from +EC by Ad. equolifaciens JCM 14793 (□), As. celatus JCM 14811 (△), S. isoflavoniconvertens JCM 16137 (▲), and S. equolifaciens JCM 16059 (■).

Fig. 3. Bioconversion scheme of –EC, –C, +C, and +EC by four isoflavone-metabolizing bacteria.

Note: (H₂): C-ring cleaving reaction was stimulated by the presence of hydrogen.