Figures & data
Fig. 1. The structures of the isolated compounds 1–6 from Opuntia ficus-indica seeds.
Fig. 2. Effects of compounds 4–6 on intracellular ROS production and the relationship between compound 4 and HO-1 expression.
Notes: (A) Rat primary hepatocytes were pretreated with 4–6 for 2 h before exposure to 200 mM ethanol and then maintained for 24 h. The intracellular peroxide content was determined with the fluorescent dye 2,7-DCF-DA. (B) HepG2 cells were pretreated with 4 (50 μM) for 2 h before the treatment with 350 mM ethanol and then maintained for 24 h. Cells were stained with DCF-DA fluorescent dye, and the degree of ROS formation was measured by flow cytometry. (C) HepG2 cells were treated with 4 for 24 h, and HO-1 protein levels were determined by western blotting. (D) The effect of the HO-1 inhibitor, SnPP, on the ROS-scavenging activity of 4 in ethanol-treated HepG2 cells was measured with the 2,7-DCF-DA fluorescent dye. (E) Effect of the HO-1 inhibitor on the hepatoprotective activity of 4 against ethanol-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells. The data represent the mean ± SD. ###p < 0.001 versus control group; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001, versus ethanol group; ≠≠≠p < 0.001 versus 4-treated group (n = 3).
Table 1. The effects of 4–6 on the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the glutathione level in ethanol-treated primary rat hepatocytes.
Supplemental material
