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Microbiology & Fermentation Technology

Subcellular localization of aphidicolin biosynthetic enzymes heterologously expressed in Aspergillus oryzae

, , , , , & ORCID Icon show all
Pages 139-147 | Received 05 Aug 2017, Accepted 17 Oct 2017, Published online: 01 Dec 2017

Figures & data

Figure 1. Chemical structure of aphidicolin.

Figure 1. Chemical structure of aphidicolin.

Figure 2. Subcellular localization of PbGGS and PbACS in A. oryzae. Hyphae of strains expressing GFP-PbGGS (A) and PbACS-GFP (B) were grown for 20 h in minimal medium (MM) containing 1% maltose as the sole carbon source. GFP fluorescence at subapical and apical regions was observed by confocal microscopy.

Figure 2. Subcellular localization of PbGGS and PbACS in A. oryzae. Hyphae of strains expressing GFP-PbGGS (A) and PbACS-GFP (B) were grown for 20 h in minimal medium (MM) containing 1% maltose as the sole carbon source. GFP fluorescence at subapical and apical regions was observed by confocal microscopy.

Figure 3. Subcellular localization of PbP450-1 and PbP450-2 in A. oryzae. Hyphae of strains expressing PbP450-1-GFP (A and C) and PbP450-2-GFP (B, D, and E) with mCherry-fused organelle markers were examined by confocal microscopy. (F) Colocalization analysis of GFP-fused PbP450-1 and mCherry-fused PbP450-2. Fluorescence images of apical and subapical regions are shown in the right and left panels, respectively.

Figure 3. Subcellular localization of PbP450-1 and PbP450-2 in A. oryzae. Hyphae of strains expressing PbP450-1-GFP (A and C) and PbP450-2-GFP (B, D, and E) with mCherry-fused organelle markers were examined by confocal microscopy. (F) Colocalization analysis of GFP-fused PbP450-1 and mCherry-fused PbP450-2. Fluorescence images of apical and subapical regions are shown in the right and left panels, respectively.

Figure 4. Protease protection assay of GFP-fused Pb450s. Mycelia grown for 36 h in MM containing 1% casamino acids as the sole carbon source were transferred to fresh MM containing 1% maltose and incubated for 6 h. The homogenates were prepared from harvested mycelia and treated with proteinase K with or without Triton X-100. Protected proteins from proteinase K digestion were detected by western blot analysis using an anti-GFP antibody.

Figure 4. Protease protection assay of GFP-fused Pb450s. Mycelia grown for 36 h in MM containing 1% casamino acids as the sole carbon source were transferred to fresh MM containing 1% maltose and incubated for 6 h. The homogenates were prepared from harvested mycelia and treated with proteinase K with or without Triton X-100. Protected proteins from proteinase K digestion were detected by western blot analysis using an anti-GFP antibody.

Figure 5. Subcellular localization of PbP450-1 and PbP450-2 mutants lacking the transmembrane domain. Hyphae of PbP450-2∆TM-GFP (A) and PbP450-1∆TM-GFP (B) expressing strains were examined by confocal microscopy. (C) Protease protection assay of Pb450-1∆TM-GFP.

Figure 5. Subcellular localization of PbP450-1 and PbP450-2 mutants lacking the transmembrane domain. Hyphae of PbP450-2∆TM-GFP (A) and PbP450-1∆TM-GFP (B) expressing strains were examined by confocal microscopy. (C) Protease protection assay of Pb450-1∆TM-GFP.

Figure 6. Detection of aphidicolin production by thin-layer chromatography. A. oryzae strains were cultured in MM with 1% tryptone and 3% maltose for 6 days. Aphidicolin was extracted from the culture supernatant and mycelium with ethyl acetate. The reagent product of aphidicolin (lane 1) was used as a control. An A. oryzae strain expressing PbGGS, PbACS, Pb450-2, and PbTP (lane 2) was used as a host for the expression of intact PbP450-1 (lane 3) and PbP450-1∆TM (lane 4). Arrowheads indicate the signal corresponding to aphidicolin.

Figure 6. Detection of aphidicolin production by thin-layer chromatography. A. oryzae strains were cultured in MM with 1% tryptone and 3% maltose for 6 days. Aphidicolin was extracted from the culture supernatant and mycelium with ethyl acetate. The reagent product of aphidicolin (lane 1) was used as a control. An A. oryzae strain expressing PbGGS, PbACS, Pb450-2, and PbTP (lane 2) was used as a host for the expression of intact PbP450-1 (lane 3) and PbP450-1∆TM (lane 4). Arrowheads indicate the signal corresponding to aphidicolin.
Supplemental material

SM_localization_BBB_Suppl_Fig..pdf

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SM_machinery_localization_BBB_TableS1.pdf

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