Ingestion of difructose anhydride III partially suppresses the deconjugation and 7α-dehydroxylation of bile acids in rats fed with a cholic acid-supplemented diet

Figures & data

Table 1. Diet compositions.

	C	CB	D	DB
	g/kg diet
Corn starch ^a	397.5	397.5	367.5	367.5
Casein ^b	200	200	200	200
Dextrin ^c	132	132	132	132
Sucrose ^d	100	99.5	100	99.5
Soybean oil ^e	70	70	70	70
Crystalline cellulose ^f	50	50	50	50
Mineral mixture ^g	35	35	35	35
Vitamin mixture ^h	10	10	10	10
L-Cystine	3	3	3	3
Choline bitartrate	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.5
Cholic acid	-	0.5	-	0.5
DFAIII	-	-	30	30

C, control diet; D, DFAIII-supplemented diet; CB, control diet with CA; DB, DFAIII-supplemented diet with CA.

^a Amylalpha, Chuoshokuryo, Japan.

^b NZMP Acid Casein (Fonterra Co-Operative Group Limited, Auckland, New Zealand),

^c TK-16 (Matsutani Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Hyogo, Japan).

^d Nippon Beet Sugar Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.

^e J-Oil Mills, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

^f Crystalline cellulose (Ceolus PH-102, Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp., Tokyo, Japan).

^g AIN93G mineral mixture [21].

^h AIN93 vitamin mixture (MP Biomedicals, USA) [21].

Figure 1. Feeding schedule.

After acclimation for 1 week, the rats were divided into two groups, including those fed with control diet (C) and DFAIII-supplemented diet (D) for 2 weeks. Rats from each group were further divided into two groups and fed the diet supplemented with CA (CB and DB) or without CA (C and D) (n = 8 each) for another 2 weeks.

Figure 2. Changes in fecal DFAIII excretion in the rats fed with DFAIII with or without CA supplementation.

The proportion of fecal DFAIII following DFAIII supplementation was calculated in D (open circle, n = 8) and DB (closed circle, n = 8) groups. Asterisk represents significant differences in the values between groups at the same time point (P < 0.05).

Figure 3. Distribution of BAs in the rats fed with four different diets at the end of the experimental period.

BA concentrations were measured in the aorta plasma, portal plasma, liver, ileal contents, cecal contents, and feces of the rats fed with four different diets. Values are the mean ± SEM (n = 7 or 8 rats per group). Two-way ANOVA was used to determine significant differences (P < 0.05).

Table 2. Growth and other parameters in the rats.

					Two-way ANOVA P-value
	C	CB	D	DB	BA (B)	DFAlll (D)	B × D
Growth parameters (g)
Total food intake	423 ± 8	407 ± 9	390 ± 4	386 ± 9	NS	0.0050	NS
Final body weight	221 ± 5	217 ± 6	200 ± 7	201 ± 3	NS	0.0003	NS
Tissue weight (g/100g body weight)
Liver	4.28 ± 0.07	4.36 ± 0.09	4.39 ± 0.14	4.72 ± 0.14	0.0490	NS	NS
Epididymal adipose	2.01 ± 0.09	2.10 ± 0.11	1.80 ± 0.11	1.59 ± 0.11	NS	<0.0001	NS
Whole cecum	1.34 ± 0.04	1.50 ± 0.08	2.68 ± 0.19	2.55 ± 0.13	NS	<0.0001	NS
Cecal contents	1.12 ± 0.04	1.25 ± 0.08	2.26 ± 0.17	2.12 ± 0.12	NS	<0.0001	NS
Other parameters
pH in cecal contents	6.65 ± 0.22	7.06 ± 0.16	6.23 ± 0.20	5.78 ± 0.09	NS	<0.0001	0.0224
Urinary Cr excretion (%)	2.54 ± 0.23	4.51 ± 0.53	2.71 ± 0.39	3.65 ± 0.28	0.0006	NS	NS

Values are shown as mean with SEM (n = 8).

Reeves PG, Nielsen FH, Fahey GC Jr. AIN-93 purified diets for laboratory rodents: final report of the American institute of nutrition ad hoc writing committee on the reformulation of the AIN-76A rodent diet. J Nutr. 1993;123:1939–1951.

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