Paeonol protects against hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats by restoring vascular endothelium

Figures & data

Table 1. Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) in various groups after 12 weeks.

Age (week)	8	10	12	14	16	18	20
WKY	94.57 ± 4.43^a	92.60 ± 2.63^a	92.17 ± 6.36^a	90.73 ± 3.72^a	90.30 ± 4.35^a	92.91 ± 5.34^a	92.97 ± 6.54^a
SHR	128.53 ± 7.35^b	132.03 ± 8.14^b	131.53 ± 6.98^b	130.63 ± 10.76^b	127.87 ± 6.58^b	131.10 ± 7.33^b	130.97 ± 6.89^b
LSHRT	128.27 ± 8.83^b	121.83 ± 7.02^c	112.43 ± 5.74^c	104.00 ± 8.45^c	98.33 ± 7.32^a	93.67 ± 6.55^a	92.37 ± 7.37^a
HSHRT	128.83 ± 7.26^b	111.73 ± 4.88^d	103.27 ± 5.23^d	96.80 ± 7.34^a	90.70 ± 5.61^a	91.97 ± 6.32^a	89.30 ± 7.35^a

N = 10, Different alphabets indicated significant differences.

Figure 1. The blood pressure measurement of each group at different time point. (a) Systolic blood pressure. (b) Diastolic blood pressure. N = 10, Different alphabets indicated significant differences.

Table 2. Cerebral blood flow in various groups after 12 weeks.

Group	WKY	SHR	LSHRT	HSHRT
Vs（cm/s）	83.45 ± 4.35^a	60.32 ± 5.21^b	78.31 ± 6.78^a	81.32 ± 6.28^a
Vd（cm/s）	46.47 ± 3.12^a	33.45 ± 4.32^b	41.51 ± 3.24^a	44.68 ± 4.56^a
Vm（cm/s）	62.38 ± 5.32^a	38.91 ± 3.41^b	59.42 ± 6.14^a	60.48 ± 4.87^a
PI	0.59 ± 0.06^a	0.69 ± 0.05^b	0.62 ± 0.07^a	0.60 ± 0.06^a
RI	0.61 ± 0.03^a	0.83 ± 0.05^b	0.68 ± 0.04^a	0.67 ± 0.04^a

N = 10, Different alphabets indicated significant differences.

Table 3. Hemorheology indexes in various groups after 12 weeks.

Group	WKY	SHR	LSHRT	HSHRT
Low shear blood viscosity (mPa·s)	12.89 ± 0.5^a	19.32 ± 0.82^b	14.02 ± 0.91^a	13.84 ± 0.63^a
High shear blood viscosity (mPa·s)	5.28 ± 1.01^a	8.46 ± 0.82^b	6.15 ± 0.62^a	6.39 ± 0.82^a
Plasma viscosity (mPa·s)	2.36 ± 0.52^a	4.68 ± 0.93^b	3.09 ± 0.83^a	2.81 ± 0.75^a
Fibrinogen (g/L)	2.53 ± 0.35^a	3.96 ± 0.73^b	2.88 ± 0.52^a	2.76 ± 0.51^a

N = 10, Different alphabets indicated significant differences.

Figure 2. The content of serum SOD (a) and MDA (b) in each group. N = 10, Different alphabets indicated significant differences.

Figure 3. Serum levels of vWF (a), NO (b), AT1 (c), and ET-1 (d) in different groups of rats. N = 10, Different alphabets indicated significant differences.

Figure 4. Structure of the vascular endothelium determined by HE staining in the group of WKY (a), SHR (b), LSHRT (c) and HSHRT (d). N = 10, scale bar = 100 μm.

Figure 5. The protein expression of eNOS, NOX4, and VCAM-1 in different groups of rats. N = 10, Different alphabets indicated significant differences.