Calculation of beamforming for the HF radar with the two-element crossed-loop/monopole antenna array

Abstract

The two-element crossed-loop/monopole array, which consists of two crossed-loop/monopole antennas, is applied to the high frequency (HF) radar for monitoring the sea states. The antenna pattern equations of the two-element crossed-loop/monopole array are deduced. The HF ocean state measuring and analyzing radar (OSMAR)-SD, which uses the two-element crossed-loop/monopole array, has received sea echo successfully. The accuracy and the efficiency of the deduced formulas are analyzed and validated using the OSMAR-SD experiment data, which were collected in Zhejiang Province in August 2012, and in Fujian Province in March 2013.

Keywords:

• antenna pattern
• HF radar
• beamforming
• remote sensing

Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61072086, and 61371198, the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant 2012212020215, the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China under grant SBK201240419, the Fundamental Research Funds for PhD Short-time Mobility Program of Wuhan University, and a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada grants to Dr W. Huang (NSERC 402313-12).