Baseline Prevalence of Trachoma in 13 Local Government Areas of Borno State, Nigeria

Figures & data

Table 1. Age and gender distribution of survey participants examined for trachoma, Borno State, Nigeria, February 2017–March 2019.

Age (years)	Females	%	Males	%	Total	% of Total
1–10	10,310	22	10,615	23	20,925	45
11–20	4175	9	2954	6	7129	15
21–30	4223	9	1766	4	5989	13
31–40	2815	6	1945	4	4760	10
41–50	1599	3	1623	4	3222	7
51–60	900	2	1136	2	2036	4
61–70	537	1	740	2	1277	3
71–80	282	1	338	1	620	1
≥81	85	0.2	122	0.3	207	0.5
Total	24,926	54	21,239	46	46,165	100

Table 2. Local Government Area (LGA)-level prevalence of trachomatous inflammation—follicular (TF), Borno State, Nigeria, February 2017–March 2019.

LGA		1–9-year-olds		Age-adjusted TF prevalence in 1–9-year-olds
	Number of Clusters surveyed	Enumerated	Examined	(%) (95% CI)
2017 surveys
Bayo	25	1179	1166	2.8	(1.6–4.5)
Biu	25	975	947	0.8	(0.3–1.4)
Hawul	25	1005	992	1.0	(0.5–1.8)
Kwaya Kusar	25	1077	1073	2.6	(1.4–4.0)
Shani	25	1044	1032	1.5	(0.7–2.2)
2019 surveys
Askira/Uba	30	1801	1792	1.1	(0.6–1.6)
Chibok	30	1824	1813	1.4	(0.7–2.2)
Damboa	30	1724	1716	3.4	(1.7–5.6)
Jere	30	1962	1916	3.2	(1.7–5.2)
Kaga	30	1900	1888	5.9	(4.3–7.9)
Magumeri	30	1849	1844	12.2	(8.5–16.2)
Maiduguri	30	1761	1658	4.6	(2.4–6.8)
Monguno	30	1579	1532	8.4	(5.5–11.9)

Table 3. Prevalence of trachomatous trichiasis (TT) unknown to the health system and TT backlog in 13 Local Government Areas (LGAs), Borno State, Nigeria, February 2017–March 2019.

LGA	Estimated total population of persons aged ≥15 years^a	≥15 years		Age- & gender-adjusted TT prevalence in ≥15-year-olds
				Prevalence^b (%)	(95% CI)	Estimated TT backlog^c
		Enumerated	Examined
2017 surveys
Bayo	44,284	1358	1302	0.29	(0.10–0.56)	128
Biu	98,426	1549	1489	0.19	(0.03–0.43)	0
Hawul	67,610	1454	1378	0.04	(0.00–0.09)	0
Kwaya Kusar	31,754	1479	1418	0.09	(0.02–0.19)	0
Shani	56,554	1389	1306	0.15	(0.04–0.28)	0
2019 surveys
Askira/Uba	80,255	2284	2123	0.11	(0.01–0.27)	0
Chibok	37,146	2320	2179	0.06	(0.00–0.14)	0
Damboa	130,592	1867	1784	0.56	(0.29–0.99)	731
Jere	117,100	2189	1917	0.64	(0.13–1.50)	749
Kaga	50,398	1906	1799	0.35	(0.13–0.65)	176
Magumeri	78,544	1831	1757	0.4	(0.19–0.67)	314
Maiduguri	302,409	2155	1890	0.18	(0.03–0.40)	0
Monguno	61,507	1894	1777	0.79	(0.20–1.82)	486
Total	1,156,579					2584

CI, confidence interval.

^aBased on data from the 2006 census.²⁵

^bPrevalences of TT unknown to the health system are displayed to two decimal places in order to provide clarity on whether or not the best estimate of prevalence was above or below the elimination threshold of 0.2% in adults ≥15 years.

^cTT backlog was calculated as per methods previously described.²⁶

Figure 1. Prevalence of trachomatous inflammation—follicular (TF) in 1–9-year-old children, by Local Government Area, Borno State, Nigeria, February 2017–March 2019. The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the authors, or the institutions with which they are affiliated, concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

Figure 2. Prevalence of trachomatous trichiasis (TT) unknown to the health system in persons aged ≥15 years, by Local Government Area, Borno State, Nigeria, February 2017–March 2019. The boundaries and names shown, and the designations used on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the authors, or the institutions with which they are affiliated, concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

Table 4. Household access to water, sanitation, and hygiene facilities in 13 local government areas (LGAs), Borno State, Nigeria, February 2017–March 2019.

LGA	Households surveyed	Households with an improved drinking water source N (%)	Households with drinking water source within a 30-minute return journey N (%)	Households with an improved latrine N (%)
Bayo	616	245 (40)	485 (79)	91 (15)
Biu	620	442 (71)	478 (77)	400 (65)
Hawul	625	250 (40)	388 (62)	208 (33)
Kwaya Kusar	623	186 (30)	305 (49)	180 (29)
Shani	625	226 (36)	469 (75)	44 (7)
Askira/Uba	896	389 (43)	634 (71)	613 (68)
Chibok	902	448 (50)	601 (67)	625 (69)
Damboa	897	643 (72)	637 (71)	643 (72)
Jere	898	598 (67)	570 (63)	706 (79)
Kaga	898	771 (86)	513 (57)	536 (60)
Magumeri	895	803 (90)	452 (51)	442 (49)
Maiduguri	896	497 (55)	649 (72)	848 (95)
Monguno	901	855 (95)	473 (52)	512 (57)

National Population Commision. National and State Population and Housing Tables: Priority Table 1&43.Abuja. National Population Commission: National Population Commission; 2006.

 Google Scholar

Solomon AW, Bella ALF, Negussu N, Willis R, Taylor HR. How much trachomatous trichiasis is there? A guide to calculating district–level estimates. Community Eye Health. 2019;31:S5.

 PubMedGoogle Scholar